从哲学美学看中西方传统园林美的差异  

The Comparison of Traditional Chinese Gardens and Western Gardens from the Perspective of Philosophy and Aesthetics

作　　者：沈洁[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学建筑学院,北京100084

出　　处：《中国园林》2014年第3期80-85,共6页Chinese Landscape Architecture

摘　　要：通过对中西文化中"摹仿自然"与"心师造化","典型"与"意境"2组概念的比较,从哲学美学的视角对中西方园林美的差异缘由进行了探究。中西方文化中对于自然(nature)含义的不同解读、"摹仿"与"心师"自然方式的差异以及对于审美对象向内或向外地探索,是造成中西方传统园林美差异的重要原因。无论是中国园林还是西方园林,它们都是在向自然学习的过程中产生和发展的,园林形态只是对不同时代、不同环境下不同人群关于自然概念的不同认知的侧面反映,并无谓"自然"与否。In order to reveal the reasons of the different aesthetics of both traditional Chinese gardens and Western gardens, this article puts forward a serial of comparisons from the perspective of philosophy and aesthetics. The concepts of ＂imitation of nature＂ and ＂learn outward from nature, get inward from heart＂, as well as the concepts of ＂tupos＂ and ＂artistic conception＂ are compared respectively. In conclusion, it is the different interpretation of nature, the different way of learning from nature as well as the difference from internal and external way of aesthetic appreciation that forms the differentia between traditional Chinese gardens and Western gardens. Both Chinese and Western gardens, they are produced and developing in the process of learning from nature. The forms of gardens just reflect the attitude towards nature of different people with different age, and different environment. They are not representative of＂natural＂ form or not.

关 键 词：风景园林 中西方传统园林 比较 哲学美学 

分 类 号：TU986[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]