结蜡对含蜡原油管道安全影响分析  

Analysis of Safety Effect on Reserved Wax Deposition at Waxy Crude Pipeline

作　　者：杨宏伟[1] 王烟帝 

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(华东)储运与建筑工程学院,山东青岛266580

出　　处：《辽宁石油化工大学学报》2014年第1期43-46,共4页Journal of Liaoning Petrochemical University

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项基金资助项目(13CX06057A);中国石油大学(华东)研究生创新资金资助项目(CX-1239)

摘　　要：对低输量含蜡原油管道,每次清蜡时都保留一定的结蜡厚度,这是因为蜡的"保温"效果有利于管道的经济运行。然而,从安全的角度考虑,管线保留一定的结蜡厚度存在一定的风险。保留一定的结蜡厚度,管径变小,一旦管线停输或输量下降,管线中单位体积的原油所携带的热量减少,相对降温速率加快,原油形成胶凝结构的速度加快,管线允许的停输时间大大降低,并且管径越小管线停输后的再启动越困难。同时,管线停输后,在某些特殊管段特别是上倾管段,石蜡沉积物会发生破坏滑脱并聚集在管道低洼处,造成蜡堵凝管。因此,建议定期彻底清除管壁结蜡。For low flow waxy crude oil pipeline ,certain wax thickness retained after wax removal was beneficial to the economic operation of the pipeline for the wax insulation .From the perspective of security ,however ,certain wax thickness retained was at risk .With certain wax thickness reserved ,diameter became smaller .Once the pipeline stopped or output declined ,the heat carried by the unit volume of crude oil in the pipeline reduced ,and cooling rate accelerated ,the formation of the gel structure speeded up .The permitted stopping-time of pipeline was greatly reduced .The smaller diameter of pipeline was ,the more difficult for the pipeline restarted after shutdown .Meanwhile ,after shutdown ,paraffin deposits destructively slipped in the pipeline lying areas at certain special locations especially acclivities of tube sections ,causing the wax plugging . Pigging regularly and thoroughly was recommended .

关 键 词：含蜡原油 结蜡 经济性 安全性 积蜡处理 

分 类 号：TE832[石油与天然气工程—油气储运工程]