嘉庆朝西北地区建立和健全灾赈积弊防杜机制案例研究——以嘉庆十五年甘肃灾赈为例  

Studies on the Case of Establishing and Amplifying the Mechanism for Preventing Long-standing Disaster Relief Malpractices in the Northwest District in Jiaqing Dynasty——A Case Study of Disaster Relief in Jiaqing Fifteen Years in Gansu Province

作　　者：张祥稳[1] 

机构地区：[1]安庆师范学院人文与社会学院,安徽安庆246113

出　　处：《中国农史》2014年第2期78-87,共10页Agricultural History of China

基　　金：教育部人文社科规划基金项目(编号:13YJAZH136)阶段性成果

摘　　要：19世纪初,甘肃灾赈积弊重重,作弊的行为主体是官员、吏胥、乡保、灾民和奸商等;其它各省情形大致亦然。但在嘉庆十五年的甘肃灾赈中,陕甘总督那彦成本着"及早熟计,预为防范"和"随地制宜,杜渐防微"的宗旨,充分发挥属员的智库作用,最终建立了一套成功、有效的灾赈积弊防杜机制,总体上达到了灾赈预期目标,此情在清代中后期难得一见,此举也再次验证了荒政的实施"总以得人为第一要义"的历史定律。对相关问题的探讨,以期为今后的灾赈事宜提供些许借鉴。At the beginning of nineteenth century,the long-standing disaster relief malpractices are multiple in Gansu province, the main behaviors of cheating are the officials, petty officials, local constables and unscrupulous merchants, etc. and so in other provinces. For that reason, in the famine relief in Jiaqing fifteen years, Na yan-cheng, the governor of Shanxi and Gansu adheres to the principles of ＂adequately planning as soon as possible, preventing beforehand＂ and ＂acting according to circumstances, destroying evils before they become menacing＂, gives full play to his subordinates as the role of the think tank, he establishes a successful and effective mechanism, achieves the expected goal as a whole at last. This circumstances is rare in the times after Qianlong dynasty. This case explains once again the importance of talents for disaster relief. Through the discussion of relevant historical issues, the author hopes it can provide us useful experiences for disaster relief in the future.

关 键 词：灾赈积弊 防杜机制 甘肃 嘉庆朝 

分 类 号：S-09[农业科学] K207[历史地理—历史学]