冲击器砧子断裂失效分析及结构改进  

Failure analysis and structure improvement of hammer anvil

作　　者：张海平[1] 王甲昌[1] 钱德儒[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石化石油工程技术研究院,北京100101

出　　处：《机械设计》2014年第4期68-71,共4页Journal of Machine Design

基　　金：国家科技重大专项资助项目(2011ZX05005-006)

摘　　要：某冲击锤砧子在经过50多小时的冲击后,其上端面出现多条裂纹,其中,有两条主裂纹已穿透砧子端面。采用断口分析、化学成分测试、表面硬度检测,以及金相组织分析等方法分析了砧子断裂的原因。结果表明,材料强度偏低和局部工作应力偏高是导致疲劳断裂的主要原因。通过对砧子进行受力分析,找出了应力集中点,并对砧子的结构进行了优化设计,消除了应力集中,解决了砧子断裂的问题。Multiple cracks were found on the head face of a hydraulic hammer anvil after over 50 hours imtact. Two of the main ~＇racks have penetrated anvil face. The reason was figured out by means of fracture analysis, chemical composition analysis, surface hardness test, mierostructure analysis and etc. Results show that low material strength and high local working stress are the main causes leading to the fatigue cracking. Focal point of stress was found out through anvil force analysis. Anvil structure was opti- mized aceordi,lg to force analysis resuhs. Thereafter, stress concentration was eliminated and crack problem was solved.

关 键 词：砧子 疲劳裂纹 应力集中 结构优化 

分 类 号：TG157[金属学及工艺—热处理] TE921[金属学及工艺—金属学]