无纠缠的量子秘密比较  

Quantum Private Comparison Without Entanglement

作　　者：吁超华 郭躬德[1,2] 林崧[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]福建师范大学数学与计算机科学学院,福州350007 [2]福建师范大学网络安全与密码技术重点实验室,福州350007

出　　处：《小型微型计算机系统》2014年第5期1065-1068,共4页Journal of Chinese Computer Systems

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(61202451)资助;福建高校产学合作科技重大项目(2010H6007)资助;福建省教育厅基金项目(JA12062;JA11054)资助

摘　　要：提出一个基于d维单粒子态的量子秘密比较协议.在协议中,一个半可信第三方以一一传递的方式发送n个粒子给两个参与者.每个参与者首先都通过对这些粒子执行局域幺正操作来编码n长的随机密钥,然后利用这些密钥加密n长的秘密并公布加密结果.根据这些公开信息,半可信第三方能够在不揭露秘密的情况下帮助他们比较它们的大小关系.同时,本文对协议的安全性也进行详细的讨论,表明该协议在理论上是安全的.另外,该协议的实现只需涉及单粒子态,这在现有的技术条件下是易于实现的.In this paper, a quantum private comparison protocol based on d dimensional single-particle states is proposed. In the proto- col, a semi-honest third party transfers a sequence of n particles to one participant who encodes n secret keys by performing n local u- nitary operations. Then these particles are sent to the other participant who also by the same way encodes n secret keys and returns these particles back to the semi-honest party. Finally after the participants broadcast the results of encrypting their secrets with secret keys, the semi-honest third party can help the two participants compare the size relationships of their n pair corresponding secrets with- out disclosing them to any other people. In addition, the security of the protocol is also discussed in detail. It is shown that the proto- col is secure in theory. Moreover, since only single-particle states are used, as compared with other quantum private comparison pro- tocols, the presented protocol is more feasible under the current technical conditions.

关 键 词：量子秘密比较 单粒子态 半可信第三方 

分 类 号：TP319[自动化与计算机技术—计算机软件与理论]