不同生育阶段盐分胁迫对棉花生长和水分生理指标的影响  

Responses of cotton growth and water physiological indices to salt stress at different growing stages

作　　者：冯棣[1] 张俊鹏[1] 孙池涛[1] 党红凯[2] 刘浩[1] 宁慧峰[1] 孙景生[1] 李科江[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院农田灌溉研究所农业部作物需水与调控重点实验室,河南新乡453003 [2]河北省农林科学院旱作农业研究所,河北衡水053000

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2014年第5期1195-1199,共5页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51179193);现代农业棉花产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-18-19);国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD05B0205)资助

摘　　要：为了探索不同生育阶段盐分胁迫下棉花的水分调节机制,采用筒栽试验,研究了不同矿化度咸水(NaCl)灌溉对不同生育阶段棉花"冀棉616"生长指标和一些水分生理指标的短期影响。结果表明:当灌溉水矿化度达到4 g·L-1后就会抑制棉花营养生长,但较少影响生殖生长(蕾期和花铃期);盐分胁迫没有影响棉花蕾期生育进程,但推迟了苗期生育进程,并有促进提前吐絮的作用;随灌溉水矿化度的增加,不同生育阶段棉花叶片的气孔阻力均呈递增趋势,而叶绿素相对含量在苗期时呈递增趋势、蕾期时呈先增后减趋势、花铃期呈递减趋势;盐分胁迫显著增大了调查时期内除叶片以外所有器官的干鲜比,而叶片干鲜比基本稳定;盐胁迫下,棉花具有优先供给叶片水分和降低叶片蒸腾耗水的水分调节机制。in order to explore the water regulation mechanism of cotton under salt stress at differ- ent growing stages, a potted experiment was conducted to study the short-term responses of cotton （Jimian 616 ） growth and water physiological indices to various salinities of irrigation water （NaC1） at different growing stages. The results indicated that when the salinity of irrigation water reached 4 g · L-1, cotton vegetative growth was restrained; however, the reproductive indices （bud stage and blossoming and boll-forming stage） were not affected significantly. The growing process was not affected at the bud stage, delayed at emergence and seedling stages but advanced at blossoming and boll-forming stages. In addition, with the increase of irrigation water salinity, stomatal resistance increased at the seedling stage, bud stage, and blossoming and boll-forming stage. However, the relative leaf chlorophyll content increased at the seedling stage, first in- creased and then decreased at the bud stage, decreased at blossoming and boll-forming stages, respectively. Salt stress increased the dry weight to fresh weight ratio of all organs except leaves during the whole study period, and the dry weight to fresh weight ratio of leaves basically kept stable. Our results suggest that water in cotton plant could be supplied to leaves preferentially and leaf transpiration was reduced through a water regulation mechanism when cotton was in salt stress.

关 键 词：咸水 灌溉 棉花 生长指标 干鲜比 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学]