水源涵养林不同植被类型土壤NH_4^+-N和NO_3^--N分布特征  

Soil NH_4^+-N and NO_3^--N distribution of different vegetation types in water conservation forests

作　　者：高洪翠[1,2] 范志平[1,3] 李法云[3] 李海燕 徐英华 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所,沈阳110016 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]辽宁石油化工大学生态环境研究院,辽宁抚顺113001 [4]辽宁老秃顶子国家级自然保护区抚顺管理局,辽宁抚顺113208

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2014年第5期1211-1216,共6页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：“十二五”国家科技支撑计划项目(2011BAD38B0502);“十二五”国家重大科技水专项(2012ZX07505-001);辽宁石油化工大学科技创新人才引进团队计划项目资助

摘　　要：以辽宁东部山地水源涵养林为对象,选择槭树-蒙古栎林、山杨林、白桦-山杨林和落叶松人工林等4种植被类型,测定其土壤NH4+-N、NO3--N、pH值、容重、有机碳和全氮等理化指标,分析了植被类型、土壤层次与土壤无机氮分布特征之间的关系。结果表明:4种植被类型土壤NH4+-N、NO3--N在土壤表层(0~5 cm)含量最高,由表层向下逐渐降低;土壤总无机氮含量大小为落叶松人工林(27.46 mg·kg-1)>山杨林(21.76 mg·kg-1)>槭树-蒙古栎林(19.09 mg·kg-1)>白桦-山杨林(17.88 mg·kg-1);阔叶林中NH4+-N是土壤无机氮的主要存在形式,而落叶松人工林土壤中NO3--N所占比例较高;水源涵养林土壤NH4+-N、NO3--N均与土壤有机质、土壤含水量呈极显著正相关(P<0.01)。总体而言,植被类型对土壤无机氮分布有较大影响,研究结果可为辽东山区水源涵养林植被类型的选择和结构调控提供参考。In this paper, we analyzed soil inorganic nitrogen （NH4＋-N, NO3-_N） , pH, bulk density, organic carbon and total nitrogen in four water-conservation forests （e. g. Acer mono- Quercus mongolica forest, Populus davidiana forest, Betula platyphylla-P, davidiana forest, and Larix kaempferi plantation） in the mountain area of eastern Liaoning, to reveal the relationships of vegetation type with soil layer and soil inorganic nitrogen distribution. Results indicated that the concentrations of soil NH4＋-N and NO3-_N were highest in the Oa horizon （0-5 cm） and de- creased gradually in the mineral soil layers. Soil inorganic nitrogen concentration was in a se- quence ofL. kaempferi plantation （27.46 mg· kg-1） 〉 P davidiana forest （21.76 mg · kg-1） 〉 A. mono-Q, mongolica forest （19.09 mg · kg-1） 〉 B. platyphylla-P, davidiana forest （17.88 mg · kg-l）. NH4＋-N was the major form of soil inorganic nitrogen in the broad-leaved forests, while NO3-_N was dominant in L. kaempferi plantation soil. There was a highly signifi- cant positive correlation between soil inorganic nitrogen and organic carbon or soil moisture in the four forest types （P〈0.01）. Overall, vegetation type greatly affected the distribution of soil inor- ganic nitrogen. Our results can provide a reference for vegetation type selection and structural regulation of water conservation forests in the mountainous area of eastern Liaoning.

关 键 词：植被类型 土壤层次 铵态氮 硝态氮 

分 类 号：S714[农业科学—林学]