长荡湖大型底栖动物群落结构及水质生物学评价  

Community structure of macrozoobenthos and bioassessment of water quality in Lake Changdang,Jiangsu Province

作　　者：蔡永久[1,2] 刘劲松[3] 戴小琳[3] 许浩[1] 薛庆举[1] 龚志军[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所,湖泊与环境国家重点实验室,南京210008 [2]南京水利科学研究院,水文水资源与水利工程科学国家重点实验室,南京210029 [3]江苏省水利厅,南京210029

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2014年第5期1224-1232,共9页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：江苏省水利厅湖泊管理专项经费;国家自然科学基金项目(41230744);中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所一三五重点项目(NIGLAS2012135002)资助

摘　　要：2011年6月—2012年5月,对长荡湖大型底栖动物群落进行了逐月调查,并利用生物指数对水质进行生物学评价。结果表明:共采集到底栖动物28种,其中摇蚊科幼虫10种,水栖寡毛类7种,软体动物5种,其他类6种;铜锈环棱螺(Bellamya aeruginosa)、霍甫水丝蚓(Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri)、中国长足摇蚊(Tanypus chinensis)、多巴小摇蚊(Microchironomus tabarui)、苏氏尾鳃蚓(Branchiura sowerbyi)和半折摇蚊(Chironomus semireductus)是现阶段长荡湖底栖动物的优势种;长荡湖10个监测点底栖动物年均密度为769 ind·m-2,年均生物量为74.89 g·m-2,并呈现出明显的空间变化;生物量较密度空间差异更大,生物量高值主要出现在湖泊四周的监测点,而在湖心开阔水域较低;Wright指数、Goodnight-Whitley指数、BPI指数及Shannon指数表明长荡湖水体处于轻-中度污染状态。Macrozoobenthic assemblages were investigated monthly in Lake Changdang from June 2011 to May 2012, and bioassessment of water quality was conducted based on biological inde- xes. A total of 28 taxa were identified, including 10 Chironomidae larvae, 70ligoehaetes, 5 molluscs and 6 other species. Bellamya aeruginosa, Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri, Tanypus chinensis, Microchironomus tabarui, Branchiura sowerbyi and Chironomus semireductus dominated the com- munity with high abundance and biomass. Annual average density and biomass of macrozoob- enthos were 769 ind · m-2 and 74.89 g · m-2, respectively. Marked spatial differences were found for the annual average density and biomass of macrozoobenthos in Lake Changdang with a higher spatial difference for the mean biomass than for the mean density. Higher mean biomass values were found in littoral sampling sites but lower values in open lake sampling sites. The re- sults of Wright index, Goodnight-Whitley index, BPI index （biological pollution index） and Shannon index suggested that Lake Changdang suffered slight to moderate pollution.

关 键 词：寡毛类 摇蚊幼虫 密度 生物量 时空格局 浅水湖泊 富营养化 

分 类 号：Q958.8[生物学—动物学]