福田红树林湿地生态系统EWE模型构建  

Construction of the EWE model of Futian mangrove wetland ecosystem

作　　者：丑庆川[1] 徐华林 刘军[3] 史秀华[4] 

机构地区：[1]深圳大学生命科学学院,广东深圳518060 [2]广东内伶仃福田国家级自然保护区,广东深圳518048 [3]内蒙古农业大学生态与环境学院,呼和浩特010019 [4]深圳大学高尔夫学院,广东深圳518060

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2014年第5期1413-1419,共7页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：红树林湿地退化监测预警技术的引进项目(2008-4-38);深圳湾红树林结构调控及修复技术研究与示范项目(2013KJCX011-04)资助

摘　　要：以福田红树林湿地生态系统为研究对象,将其生物组成分为红树植物、底栖动物、浮游植物、浮游动物、鸟类和碎屑等15个功能组,运用Ecopath with Ecosim(EWE)软件,构建了福田红树林湿地生态系统的EWE模型,探讨了红树林湿地生态系统的状态、特征及不同物种之间的营养关系,并评价红树林湿地生态系统当前的健康状况。分析表明,福田红树林湿地生态系统能流的最主要来源是碎屑,能流主要在营养级Ⅰ到Ⅳ之间流动,转化效率最高发生在第Ⅰ和第Ⅱ营养级之间(28.8%),总体转化效率为11.2%,且系统对营养级Ⅱ的利用最为充分。处于低营养级的功能组在系统能量传递的过程中起着非常关键的作用,并且对整个系统的影响强烈。生态系统总体特征参数生物量/总流量(TB/TT)、连接指数(CI)和系统杂食性指数(SOI)分别为0.163、0.123和0.018,综合分析表明,福田红树林湿地生态系统目前有退化的趋势。In the present study, the biological composition oI l^utaan mangrove wetlancl ecosystem was divided into 15 functional groups and covers almost the whole process of energy flow in the ecosystem, including mangrove plants, zoobenthos, phytoplankton, zooplankton, birds and detri- tus. Ecopath with Ecosim （EWE） software was used to construct the EWE model of the Futian mangrove wetland ecosystem. Furthermore, we also analyzed the state, characteristics and nutri- tional relationships among different species, and evaluated the current health state of the man- grove wetland ecosystem. The analysis showed that detritus was the most important source of en- ergy flow of Futian mangrove wetland ecosystem. Energy flow occurred mainly at the trophic lev- els I → IV. The highest conversion efficiency occurred between the trophie levels I and Ⅱ （28.8%） , and the overall conversion efficiency was 11.2% , which is in line with the flow effi- ciency value （about 10% ） quantified by Lindemann. The system took the most abundant advan- tage of the trophic level Ⅱ. The functional groups at the lower trophie levels played a key role in the process of energy transfer, and their impacts on the whole system were very strong. The eco- system overall characteristic parameters-total biomass/total through （TB/TT）, connectance in- dex （CI） and system omnivory index （SOI）- were 0. 163, 0. 123 and 0. 018, respectively. Therefore, it could be concluded that Futian mangrove wetland ecosystem is currently in a trend of degradation.

关 键 词：红树林 湿地 生态通道 能量流动 

分 类 号：X171[环境科学与工程—环境科学]