防灭火高性能泡沫的试验研究  

On the foam performance of the composite surfactants system for the fire prevention

作　　者：刘健[1] 蔡文鹏[1] 孙东生[1] 姜二龙[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽理工大学能源与安全学院,煤矿安全高效开采省部共建教育部重点实验室,安徽淮南232001

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2014年第2期1-4,共4页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51004003);安徽省教育厅自然科学基金重点项目(KJ2010A091)

摘　　要：针对目前煤炭防灭火泡沫存在起泡性能低、稳泡时间短的问题,通过对现有表面活性剂进行复配,获得了泡沫性能良好的新型复合表面活性剂溶液体系。研究了复配体系的表面张力、泡沫性能,以及温度、无机盐离子对二元复配体系SDS/OP-10、SDS/OB-2、SDS/BS-12的起泡性能和稳泡性能的影响,并探讨了其性能变化的原因。结果表明:表面活性剂复配后均具有良好的协同增效作用,在其具有最低表面张力的复配比例下,起泡高度均超过100 mm,稳泡性能由高到低为阴/阳(SDS/OB-2)、阴/两性(SDS/BS-12)、阴/非(SDS/OP-10);泡沫性能最佳的复配体系为阴/阳(SDS/OB-2),在10-2mol/L NaCl存在时,起泡高度达133 mm,泡沫消失速度为0.01 mm/s。In view of the low foam-resulting and poor foaming stability of its application in the fire prevention in the coal mines for the time being, the present authors of the paper intend to develop a kind of novel surfactant solution system to improve the foam performance. As is known, the simplest method so far as we know is to composite the existing surfactants to get such kinds of foam. However, after repeated consideration we have decided to improve the common anion surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate （SDS） to work out a novel sort of foam with the non-ion surfactant nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether （OP-10）, the zwitterionic surfactant dodecyl dimethyl betaine （BS-12） or the cationic surfactant dodecyl dimethyl amine oxide （OB-2）, respectively. For this purpose, we have done investigations of the surface tension, the influence of temperature and the effect of the inorganic salt on the foaming performance of the desired compound system by using a surface tensiometer and Ross-Miles bubble meter. Then, we have discussed in detail the reasons for the variation of its performance. The results of our investigation show that the synthesized surface active agents should be endowed with lower surface tension than SDS for the fine synergistic effects. When the molarity of the compound systems was set at 10 -3 mol/L, the mass ratio of SDS and OB-2 has been set on 4 to 6 and SDS and BS-12 on 4 to 6, with SDS and OP-10 fixed at 3 to 7, so as to achieve the lowest surface tension, respectively. The foaming grades of all the compound systems have been raised to over 100 mm whereas successful in keeping the lowest surface tension, that is, 300%-400% higher than that of SDS. Furthermore, we have managed to keep the foaming stability of the said systems in the order of anion/cation （SDS/OB-2）〉anion/zwitterionic （SDS/BS-12）〉anion/non-ion system （SDS/OP-10）. The foaming performance of the above mentioned compound systems has thus been elevated with the foam stability ascended with the increase of the tem

关 键 词：应用化学 表面活性剂 复配 泡沫性能 防灭火 

分 类 号：TD75[矿业工程—矿井通风与安全]