不同排烟量和漏风情况下的隧道通风网络解算  

Ventilation network calculation in the tunnel with different smoke exhaust volumes and air leakage

作　　者：赵迪[1] 徐志胜[1] 赵红莉[2] 

机构地区：[1]中南大学防灾科学与安全技术研究所,长沙410075 [2]华北水利水电大学环境与市政工程学院,郑州450045

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2014年第2期41-46,共6页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：浙江省科技厅科技计划项目(2008C13041-2)

摘　　要：在通风网络理论的基础上编制了基于质量描述的隧道网络通风计算程序,并采用模型试验方法对火灾通风网络计算结果进行了验证,证实了网络程序的可靠性。将研编的通风网络计算程序应用于某隧道集中排烟模式下火灾通风排烟技术研究,探讨了排烟量和漏风量对排烟道内和排烟阀处烟气流速的影响规律。结果表明,增加排烟量时,排烟道内和排烟阀处烟气流速呈升高趋势,越靠近排烟风机处,其烟气流速升高趋势越明显。漏风分支风阻的大小较显著地影响着漏风量的大小。减小未开启排烟阀的分支风阻系数,漏风量增大,开启的排烟阀处流量减少,当漏风分支风阻系数减小到10 N·s/(kg·m)2时,漏风量超出规范规定值。The given paper attempts to bring about a method on the ventilation network calculation in the tunnels with different volumes of smoke exhaust and air leakage, which is the key problem for ensuring the tunnel safety. As is known, in recent years, the construction of road tunnels have been more and more popular in China both in length and scale, and in turn, more and more new complicated ventilation systems have gradually been built up. In answering to the growing need, such systems have been set up in relation to the design and implementation based on the traditional methods. In this paper, we have developed a road tunnel ventilation network calculation method with the air flux expressed by the mass flux based on the ventilation network theory. In the proposed method, the reliability of the network procedure can be expected to be made fully-trusted by comparing the calculation results of the procedure in the firefighting operation condition with the results of the reduced-scale model tests. In addition, we have also studied the calculation procedure that has been used in the research of smoke extraction technology in a tunnel with central exhaust mode. Furthermore, the regularity of the influence of the smoke exhaust volume and the air leakage on the smoke flow velocity distribution have all been scrutinized along the duct and throughout the ventilation duct. The results of our study show that the smoke flow velocity distributions along the duct and through the vent turn to be higher due to the larger smoke exhaust volume with the more straight increase of the flow velocity in the duct and through the vent near the fans. Actually, there exist three air leakage liabilities to be considered and their ventilation network calculation results can be compared with the results of the condition with no leakage interference. In addition, the wind resistance coefficient has also had great effects on the air leakage, for the leakage turns to be larger whereas the mass flux through the open vent becomes lower due to the smal

关 键 词：消防工程 隧道火灾 网络通风 集中排烟 排烟量 漏风量 

分 类 号：X928.03[环境科学与工程—安全科学] U459.2[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]