水环境中不同形态锑的迁移转化及影响因素研究进展  

Research advances on the migration,conversion and influential factors of different morphologies of antimony in water system

作　　者：刘飞[1] 邓道贵[1] 祝鹏飞[1] 周秀杰[1] 纪磊[1] 

机构地区：[1]淮北师范大学生命科学学院,资源植物学安徽省重点实验室,安徽淮北235000

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2014年第2期219-224,共6页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41371444);“十二五”国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2012ZX07103-005);安徽省高校自然科学重大项目(KJ2013ZD07);淮北市科技攻关项目(20110215);安徽省科技攻关计划(1301ZC04064)

摘　　要：锑被美国环境保护署和欧盟列为优先控制污染物,形态变化是其对水生动植物毒性大小的决定性因素。锑的毒性和对人类潜在的致癌性成为人们关注的热点,而目前关于不同形态锑的分离、迁移、转化和定量分析研究仍然不足。综述了水-沉积物体系中不同形态锑迁移转化的过程及规律,总结了不同形态锑的分析方法,分析了氧化还原作用、络合作用和吸附-解吸作用对不同形态锑迁移转化的影响,以揭示不同形态锑在水-沉积物体系中的迁移转化机理。The paper aims to disclose the potential carcinogenic nature of the rare metal antimony as a nonessential element for plant growth, for it has only an abundance of 0.2 mg/kg in the lithosphere with a concentration less than 1 μg/L in the natural water. However, due to its wide application in industrial and agricultural production, an increasing amount of antimony and its compounds tend to be released to the environment, which may result in potential constituent components harmful to plants as well as animate organizations, including human beings. The toxicity of different forms of antimony ranks in a scalar order as SbH 3 〉 Sb（Ⅲ）〉 Sb（V）, whereas the said forms can also be transformed and converted into another forms mutually in the environmental context. It is just due to its pernicious nature of antimony that makes it necessary to make a profound study of its migration, conversion, and the influential factors on the related organic and inorganic substances so as to properly estimate the harmful effects of different forms of antimony on our living environment and human beings as well. In this paper, we would like to summarize the migration, conversion, and changing regularities of the different forms of antimony in water-sediment system in the following four aspects： （1） The method for analyzing the antimony morphology： it is possible to work out the ratio of the particulate part to the dissolved part of the element by using the partition coefficients. Because the bioavailability of the antimony can also be determined by using the single and continuous extraction method with different extractants, the results of which show that the bioavailability is comparatively low. However, the high performance of the liquid chromatography and the inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry can likely be combined to split and then determine Sb（Ⅲ）, Sb（V） and the organic forms of Sb. Moreover, this combined method turns out to be highly accurate and precise; （2） The oxidation-reduction meth

关 键 词：环境学 锑 形态转化 沉积物 水体 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]