北京市典型垃圾填埋场渗滤液污染物监测与评价  

Monitoring and evaluation of pollutants from leachate in typical landfill sites at Beijing

作　　者：杨妍妍[1] 徐谦[1] 李金香[1] 张双[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京市环境保护监测中心,北京100048 [2]北京市环境保护科学研究院,北京100037

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2014年第2期235-238,共4页Journal of Safety and Environment

摘　　要：为对北京地区垃圾填埋场渗滤液的产生、排放水平进行整体评估,以北京市6个渗滤液产生量大且处理工艺接近、设施稳定运行的垃圾填埋场、1个原液收集填埋场为研究对象,在2007—2012年渗滤液水质监测数据、垃圾处理情况数据的基础上,分析计算了渗滤液的产生量及污染物产生水平、典型治理工艺(生化+物化+反渗透)下的排放水平。结果表明,北京地区每吨垃圾约产生0.13 m3渗滤液,渗滤液原液及处理后,质量浓度最大的污染物为有机指标和含氮物质,其质量浓度水平以及部分重金属质量浓度高于国家平均水平。Beijing is a mega-city, producing large amount of domestic wastes every day. More than 80% of the domestic wastes were disposed of through sanitary landfill. Consequently some 1 million tons of leachate were produced each year according to the annual environmental statistics on Beijing pollution sources. And its emission of heavy metals just second to industry sources. It is necessary to evaluate pollution from leachate so as to support environmental management and avoid environmental pollution. In this study, 7 typical landfill sites in Beijing were chosen as study samples, six of them for their high volume of leachate, similar treatment techniques and steady operational status, and one for raw leachate. The measured data from 2007 to 2012 for the above landfill sites were collected and assessed following data assessment rules. And the most recent environmental statistical data on Beijing and the emission factors guide book of landfill were collected too as important reference to calculate emission factors. It was found that the leachate producing factor is 0.13 m 3 /t, with a range of 0.07-0.2 m 3 /t, in Beijing under the condition of precipitation 600 mm; the most outstanding pollutants in raw leachate were organic matter and nitrogen-containing substances,which together with the heavy mental contents were above the national average level,concentration of Chemical Oxygen Demand （COD） and ammonia nitrogen （NH 4 ＋ -N） are 17 000 mg/L and 2 030 mg/L respectively; and after treatment some pollutants in leachate were still above the national average level, such as Chemical Oxygen Demand （COD） and ammonia nitrogen （NH 4 ＋ -N）, concentration are 23 mg/L and 3.50 mg/L respectively, while the other pollutants stayed close to the national average level; the water quality of treated leachate was not exceeding the state limit values. It then can be concluded that if the water treatment facilities function properly, the treated water quality of leachate could achieve emission limits without difficulty.

关 键 词：环境工程学 渗滤液 监测与评价 

分 类 号：X824[环境科学与工程—环境工程]