UV-B增强下施钾对大麦抽穗期生理特性日变化的影响  

Effect of Potassium Supply on Diurnal Variations of Photosynthesis and Transpiration at Barley Heading Stage Under Enhanced UV-B Radiation

作　　者：娄运生[1] 曾志平[1] 韩艳[1,2] 吴蕾[1] 孟艳[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学应用气象学院,南京210044 [2]河南大学环境与规划学院,河南开封475004

出　　处：《土壤》2014年第2期250-255,共6页Soils

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41375159);江苏省自然科学基金项目(BK20131430);教育部博士点基金项目(20103228110003);江苏省"333工程"项目资助

摘　　要：通过大田试验,研究在UV-B增强条件下,不同施钾量对大麦抽穗期叶片净光合速率、气孔导度、蒸腾速率、胞间CO2浓度和水分利用率等生理指标日变化的影响。UV-B辐射设2水平,即对照(CK,自然光,辐射强度1.5 KJ/(m2·h))和增强120%(1.8 KJ/(m2·h));施钾量设2水平,即低钾(K1,K2O 73 kg/hm2)和高钾(K2,K2O 150 kg/hm2)。结果表明,UV-B增强降低大麦的叶绿素含量、净光合速率、气孔导度、蒸腾速率和水分利用率。增施钾肥可提高叶片中叶绿素的含量、净光合速率、气孔导度和蒸腾效率,但对大麦胞间CO2浓度和水分利用效率的影响不明显。增施钾肥可减缓UV-B增强对大麦净光合速率的抑制作用,但不能减缓UV-B增强对大麦气孔导度和蒸腾速率的抑制作用。Field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects ofK supply on diurnal variations of net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductivity, intercellular CO2 concentration and water use efficiency in barley leaves at heading stage under enhanced UV-B radiation at the Station of Agricultural Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China. The experiment was designed with two UV-B radiation levels, i.e. ambient （CK, 1.5 kJ/（m2·h）） and enhanced by 120% （1.8 kJ/（m2·h））; and two K supply levels, i.e. 73 kg K2O/hm^2（low） and 150 kg K2O/ hm/（high）. The results showed that enhanced UV-B radiation declined chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate and stomatal conductivity in barley leaves, but had no obvious effect on intercellular CO2 concentration and water use efficiency. Increasing K supply could alleviate the damage of enhanced UV-B radiation to net photosynthetic rate from enhanced UV-B radiation, but not to transpiration rate and stomatal conductivity.

关 键 词：大麦 UV—B辐射 施钾 日变化 

分 类 号：S162[农业科学—农业气象学]