两种硝化抑制剂在不同土壤中的效果比较  

Effects of Nitrification Inhibitors on Nitrogen Transformation in Different Soils

作　　者：杨剑波[1,2] 李学超[1,3] 徐晶晶[1] 陈欢[1] 刘满强[1] 胡锋[1] 李忠佩[4] 李辉信[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学资源与环境科学学院,南京210095 [2]苏州市农产品质量安全监测中心,江苏苏州215128 [3]苏州市吴江区环境保护局,江苏苏州215200 [4]土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室(中国科学院南京土壤研究所),南京210008

出　　处：《土壤》2014年第2期319-324,共6页Soils

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2007CB109301)资助

摘　　要：采用室内培养试验,比较了两种硝化抑制剂3,4-二甲基吡唑磷酸盐(DMPP)和双氰胺(DCD)在4种典型农田土壤(水稻土、潮土、黑土、红壤)中的抑制效果。结果表明,在培养期内土壤pH和NH4+-N呈先上升后下降的趋势,NO3--N和表观硝化率呈逐渐上升的趋势。与单施尿素处理(U)相比,添加硝化抑制剂显著增加了土壤NH4+-N含量,降低了NO3--N含量,表观硝化率表现为U>U+DMPP>U+DCD。在水稻土和潮土中,单施尿素处理的硝化过程到第14天时基本完成,添加硝化抑制剂使硝化过程延长了至少28天。在黑土和红壤中,尤其是在红壤中,硝化过程相对缓慢,施用抑制剂虽然降低了土壤的表观硝化率,但降低的程度低于水稻土和潮土。总之,在推荐用量下10%DCD的硝化抑制效果优于1%DMPP,且这两种抑制剂在不同土壤中的抑制效果不同。The effects of nitrification inhibitors 3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate （DMPP） and dicyandiamide （DCD） on soil nitrogen transformation in different soils was investigated in a lab incubation experiment. The results indicated soil pH and NH4^＋-N concentrations were increased to maximum quickly and then decreased gradually, but NO3^--N concentrations and apparent nitrification rates were increased with the time of incubation in all treatments. The apparent nitrification rates were urea alone〉 1 %DMPP 〉 10%DCD in four types of soil. The application of DMPP and DCD induced nitrification process lag behind at least 28 d in alkaline soils, and resulted in the decreased amounts of NO3^--N in acid soils, especially in red soil, which were relatively less than that in in alkaline soils. In conclusion, 10% DCD was more effective than 1% DMPP, and the effectiveness of the two nitrification inhibitors was different in alkaline soils and acid soils.

关 键 词：3 4-二甲基吡唑磷酸盐 双氰胺 硝化抑制剂 碱性土 酸性土 

分 类 号：S143.16[农业科学—肥料学]