北美常规油气富集特征与待发现资源评价  

The enrichment characteristics and undiscovered resources evaluation of the conventional oil and gas in North America

作　　者：马锋[1] 张光亚[1] 田作基[1] 杨柳燕[1] 刘祚冬[1] 李飞[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油勘探开发研究院,北京100083 [2]中国石油大学(北京),北京102200

出　　处：《地学前缘》2014年第3期91-100,共10页Earth Science Frontiers

基　　金：国家油气重大专项(2011ZX05028)

摘　　要：北美大陆由古老加拿大地盾周缘拼贴古生代和中新生代褶皱带演化形成,经历奥陶纪洋壳扩张、志留纪—三叠纪古洋闭合、中新生代板块碰撞和古陆解体4个演化阶段,形成了3种板块边界、5个构造单元和7种类型盆地。石油地质特征研究表明,北美整体发育古生界海相碳酸盐岩和中新生界碎屑岩两大套地层,发育多套烃源岩和储集层,形成稳定克拉通、中新生代褶皱带和被动陆缘三大油气富集带。研究以成藏组合为评价单位,利用发现过程法计算北美9个重点盆地30个成藏组合的地质资源量为3 083.65亿桶,待发现资源量为1 557.92亿桶;综合美国本土陆上含油气盆地USGS(2000)评价结果,整个北美地区待发现资源量为2 082.84亿桶。其中,墨西哥湾深水第三系成藏组合、阿尔伯达盆地泥盆系成藏组合、阿拉斯加密西西比系-侏罗系和斯科舍盆地侏罗系-白垩系成藏组合待发现资源量大,是下一步勘探的有利方向。The Paleozoic and Cenozoic fold belt were collaged around the periphery of the Canadian shield and formed the North American continent which experienced the Ordovician oceanic crust expansion, Silurian- Triassic crust closure, Meso-Cenozoic plate collision and the disintegration of the ancient land. During these four evolutionary stages, three kinds of plate boundary, five tectonic units and seven types of basin were formed. The study of the petroleum geological characteristics shows the Paleozoic marine carbonate and Cenozoic clastic sediments in North America. There are multiple sets of source rock and reservoir which formed three oil and gas enrichment zones including stable craton, Cenozoic fold belt and passive continental margirL This research evaluates the 30 plays of 9 major basins using the discovery process method and the results reveal the geo/ogical resources are 308 BBO and the undiscovered resources are 156 BBO; The whole undiscovered resources of the North America are 208 BBO according to the USGS（2000） evaluation results. Abundant undiscovered resources are found in the Tertiary play in the gulf of Mexico deep-water basin, Devonian play in Alberta basin, Mississippi-Jurassic play in Alaska and Jurassic-Cretaceous play and were the exploration direction.

关 键 词：北美 常规油气 富集特征 待发现资源评价 

分 类 号：P618.13[天文地球—矿床学]