深部探测揭示中国地壳结构、深部过程与成矿作用背景  

SinoProbe revealed crustal structures,deep processes,and metallogenic background within China continent

作　　者：董树文[1] 李廷栋[1] 陈宣华[1] 高锐[2] 吕庆田[3] 石耀霖[4] 黄大年[5] 杨经绥[2] 王学求[6] 魏文博[7] 陈群策[8] 

机构地区：[1]中国地质科学院,北京100037 [2]中国地质科学院地质研究所,北京100037 [3]中国地质科学院矿产资源研究所,北京100037 [4]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [5]吉林大学,吉林长春130026 [6]中国地质科学院地球物理地球化学勘查研究所,河北廊坊065000 [7]中国地质大学(北京),北京100083 [8]中国地质科学院地质力学研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《地学前缘》2014年第3期201-225,共25页Earth Science Frontiers

基　　金：国家深部探测技术与实验研究专项(SinoProbe)

摘　　要：深部探测技术与实验研究专项(SinoProbe;以下简称'专项')是目前中国实施的规模最大的地球科学研究计划之一,涉及从地表到深部的地质、地球物理和地球化学多学科多领域探测实验。专项自2008年实施以来,完成了全国4°×4°、华北和青藏高原1°×1°的大地电磁阵列观测,建立了全国地球化学基准网(单元大小为160km×160km,含78种元素);完成了青藏高原、华南—中央造山带、华北和东北等多条超长深地震反射与折射剖面联合探测、宽频带地震与大地电磁剖面观测,其中深地震反射剖面约6 160km,成功研究、实验了地壳与地幔深部探测的一系列技术方法,积累了丰富经验,极大地加快了中国深部探测的进度,使中国进入国际深部探测大国的行列。专项在中国东部长江中下游和南岭成矿带开展的矿集区立体探测卓有成效,矿集区三维'透明化'技术不断成熟与完善;揭示了中国东部长江中下游和南岭成矿带深部成矿的动力学背景。专项部署了罗布莎、金川、南岭、庐枞和铜陵矿集区和腾冲火山地热构造带等12口大陆科学钻探实验与异常验证钻孔,在西藏罗布莎等地发现一系列深部地幔物质,在南岭于都-赣县和安徽庐枞矿集区发现深部厚大矿体、矿化异常和重要矿化线索。专项开展了青藏高原东南缘和华北地区的地应力监测网建设,有效提高了地应力测量与监测技术水平,深化了地震与地质灾害链成因研究;岩石圈三维结构与地球动力学数值模拟的能力得到不断提高。专项开展的大陆地壳结构与演化综合研究,加深了对中国中生代以来一系列重要地质问题及其深部动力学机制的认识。专项成功研制的中国首台'地壳一号'万米超深科学钻探钻机,在深部探测仪器装备自主研发方面具有里程碑式意义;同时,成功研制了地面电磁探测(SEP)系统、固定翼无人机航磁探测系统、无�The SinoProbe, Deep Exploration in China, is a muhidisciplinary Earth science research program of unprecedented scope and scientific ambition on geosciences in China. The overall aim of the SinoProbe is to reveal the composition, structure and evolution of the continental lithosphere in China. The SinoProbe executed during the years from 2008 to 2013 have successfully conducted researches and experiments on crustal and mantle exploration technologies, accumulated the abundance of experiences on deep lithosphere exploration, and significantly accelerated China＇s development on deep lithosphere exploration. It has collected some super-long deep seismic reflection profiles in the Qinghai - Tibet Plateau, the South China and the Central China Orogenic Belt, the North China and the Central Asian Orogenic Belt, and Northeast China, at a total length of ca. 6160 km and average depth to ca. 100 km, which has exceeded the total length conducted before in China （ca. 4500 km）. The SinoProbe has carried out a nation-wide geochemical baseline with cells of 160 kmX 160 km and 78 elements, and a magnetotelluric （MT） Array by 4°×4° for the whole country and 1°×1° for North China and the Qinghai - Tibet Plateau. Some efforts have made for the 3D exploration in several ore deposit districts in eastern China, including the Lujiang - Zongyang and the Tongling ore districts in the Middle and Lower Yangtze metallogenic belt, and the Yudu- Ganxian ore district in the Nanling metallogenic belt. About 12 continental scientific drilling holes have been drilled in the I.uobusha, the Jinchuan, the Yudu - Ganxian, the Lu-zong, and the Tongling ore districts, and in the Tengchong volcano-tectonic belt. Two regional in-situ stress monitoring networks have been set up in the Southeastern Tibet and North China. Geodynamic modeling has been performed in different scales for the lithosphere underneath the continental China. The SinoProbe has developed a series of key instrumentations, such as the cableffree self-positioning seismic

关 键 词：中国深部探测 地壳结构 深部过程 深地震反射 大地电磁 科学钻探 地应力监测 

分 类 号：P631[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]