日光温室土质墙体内热流测试与分析  

Measurement and Heat Flux Analysis on North Earthen Wall in Chinese Solar Greenhouse

作　　者：彭东玲[1] 杨其长[1] 魏灵玲[1] 张义[1] 方慧[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所/农业部设施农业节能与废弃物处理重点实验室,北京100081

出　　处：《中国农业气象》2014年第2期168-173,共6页Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31071833);863计划课题(2013AA102407);公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201203002)

摘　　要：对山东省寿光市下沉式日光温室的土质墙体内不同厚度处的温度、室内外气温及墙体表面太阳辐射进行连续观测,以分析土墙内温度和热流的变化,探明日光温室后墙热传导规律。结果表明:日光温室土质后墙内热量传递呈现一定的日变化规律,墙体热流传导主要沿厚度方向,表层蓄、放热过程明显。在试验条件下,晴天时,白天通过墙体累计吸热量为2657kJ·m-2,夜间向温室内累计放热量为1865kJ·m-2;雪天时,通过墙体累计吸热量为18kJ·m-2,累计放热量为859kJ·m-2。在下沉式日光温室土质墙体内存在有效蓄热层和保温层,墙体各层功能不同,因此建议在墙体建造时选用不同功能材料分层处理,以发挥日光温室墙体的最大蓄热保温能力。To investigate the heat transfer characteristics of north earthen wall of Chinese solar greenhouses, a study was conducted in a Chinese solar greenhouse which was located in Shouguang city, Shangdong province. The temperatures of different layers in the north wall, solar irradiance on the surface of north wall,indoor and outdoor air temperatures were continuously monitored. The results showed that the temperatures of different layers of north wall presented certain daily variation. The heat fluxes of the north wall followed the same patterns was the wall temperatures. Heat conduction occurred mainly at the surface layer due to its obvious heat storage and release during the day and night, respectively. On a sunny day, the total heat stored by the wall during the daytime and released to the greenhouse during night were 2657 and 1865kJ ·m^-2,respectively. On a snowy day,the total heat stored and released were 18 and 859kj ·m^-2,respectively. Experimental results also showed that there were heat storage and insulation layers in the north wall of Chinese solar greenhouses and the functions of two layers were different. It is suggested that using different materials for the heat storage and insulation layers of north wall could achieve better performance than homogeneous walls.

关 键 词：日光温室 土墙 传热 有效蓄热层 

分 类 号：S625.1[农业科学—园艺学]