植物对Cd^(2+)胁迫的调控机理研究进展  

Response and Resistance Mechanisms of Plants to Cadmium

作　　者：马艳华[1] 宋瑜[2] 杨亮 

机构地区：[1]河北科技师范学院,河北秦皇岛066004 [2]中国环境管理干部学院,河北秦皇岛066004 [3]黑龙江美信职业卫生环境评价检测有限责任公司,黑龙江哈尔滨150080

出　　处：《中国环境管理干部学院学报》2014年第2期45-47,共3页Journal of Environmental Management College of China

基　　金：河北省科技厅科技支撑计划项目<优质牧草饲料产业化生产研究>(20101885);秦皇岛市科学技术研究与发展计划(科技支撑计划项目)<重金属污染地区植物修复应用基础研究>(2012023A030);秦皇岛市科学技术研究与发展计划(科技支撑计划项目)<烯效唑对黑麦草抗旱生理特性基础研究>(2012022A002)

摘　　要：重金属Cd作为非必需微量元素,经根系吸收并累积时对植物具有很强的毒性,因而开展植物对Cd的响应途径及其调控机理研究,对改良植物对Cd的耐受性以及开发超累积植物均具有重要意义。植物硫代谢、抗氧化系统和Cd2+跨膜运输是植物对重金属镉响应的主要途径,以上3种耐受机制的研究进展包括Cd2+诱导植物硫转运蛋白、硫还原相关酶类以及半胱氨酸、谷胱甘肽和植物螯合肽合成及其基因表达调控,Cd2+诱发的植物抗氧化反应及其基因表达,质膜和液泡转运蛋白促进Cd2+运输和隔离的基因调控。Cadmium is a non-essential micronutrient with strong phytotoxicity to plants when absorbed through the root system and accumulated in the plant tissues. It is significant to improve the plants＇ tolerance to cadmium and develop a series of hyperaccumulation in plants. Sulfate metabolism, oxidation resistance systems and trans-membrane transport of cadmium are the main channels of plants response to cadmium. Three kinds of mechanisms of heavy metal cadmium tole-rance in plants were summarized, including cadmium-induced generation of sulfur transporters, sulfur reductase, cysteine, glutathione, phytochelatins, and gene expression and regulation. Cadmium-induced oxidation resistance response and gene expression, plasma and vacuole memb-rane transporters can accelerate the gene regulation of transport and isolation of cadmium.

关 键 词：镉 耐受性 响应 植物修复 超积累植物 

分 类 号：Q945.78[生物学—植物学]