乌鲁木齐市血液报废原因回顾性分析与对策  

Retrospective analysis and of the causations for blood discarding in Urumqi city and countermeasures

作　　者：何智[1] 王幼兰[1] 

机构地区：[1]乌鲁木齐市血液中心质量管理科,乌鲁木齐830000

出　　处：《中国当代医药》2014年第12期143-146,共4页China Modern Medicine

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区乌鲁木齐市科学技术计划项目(P111310003)

摘　　要：目的调查分析乌鲁木齐市自愿无偿献血者血液报废的主要原因，探讨降低血液报废率的有效措施，减少资源的浪费。方法对采供血机构2010～2013年的报废血液资料按照报废原因进行分类统计。结果2010~2013年采供血机构共报废7245袋红细胞成分、43袋单采血小板、5925袋浓缩血小板、13787袋血浆和12袋冷沉淀。红细胞成分报废的原因前3位是ALT异常（3515袋，48．52％），梅毒阳性（1140袋，15．73％），HBsAg阳性（920袋，12．70％）：血浆报废的主要原因是乳糜血（6772袋，49．12％）；浓缩血小板报废的主要原因是过期（2948袋，49．76％）。结论献血前加强无偿献血知识宣传、核查献血者的既往信息、严格进行血液初筛检测，可有效降低血液正常报废率：规范血液的采集、分离、制备、贮存等各环节操作，可以有效降低血液异常报废率。Objective To investigate and analyze the main causation of blood discarding from voluntary non-remuner- ated blood donors in Urumqi city to explore the effective measure of reducing the blood condemnation rate to reduce the waste of resource. Methods The data of scrapped blood from 2010 to 2013 was classified and counted according to discarding reason. Results A total of 7245 bags of red blood cell ingredient,43 bags of apheresis platelets,5925 bags of platelet concentrate,13787 bags of plasma and 12 bags of cryoprecipitate were scrapped from blood transfusion services from 2010 to 2013.The top three causations of red blood cells discarding were abnormal ALT（3515 bags,48.52%）,posi- tive for syphilis （ 1140 bags, 15.73 % ） and positive for HBsAg （920 bags, 12.70% ） ;the main causation of plasma discard- ing was chylaemia（6772 bags,49.12%）;the main causation of platelet concentrate was expiration （2948 bags,49.76%）. Conclusion Strengthening the propagation of the knowledge of non-remunerated blood donation,checking the prior in- formation of blood donors and strict blood initial screening test can before donation can effectively reduce the normal blood condemnation rate.Standardizing the whole procedure including collection of blood,separation,preparation and storage and so on can effectively reduce the abnormal blood condemnation rate.

关 键 词：血液报废 报废率 无偿献血 采供血机构 

分 类 号：R446.11[医药卫生—诊断学]