常压下能量与电荷在分子间的传递机制  

The molecular view of energy and charge transfer among the ambient molecules

作　　者：陈焕文[1] 张华[1] 王海东[1] 黄科科[2] 袁龙[2] 

机构地区：[1]东华理工大学江西省质谱科学与仪器重点实验室,南昌330013 [2]吉林大学无机合成与制备化学国家重点实验室,长春130012

出　　处：《中国科学：化学》2014年第5期789-794,共6页SCIENTIA SINICA Chimica

基　　金：国家杰出青年科学基金(21225522);南京大学生命分析化学国家重点实验室开放研究基金(SKLACLS1106);江西省科技计划人才项目(2010DD01300)资助

摘　　要：离子源是质谱仪的心脏,制备待测物的离子是质谱分析的首要前提.如何有效地电离含有复杂基体的实际样品中的痕量待测物分子是制约实际样品直接质谱分析的重要瓶颈.本文提出了用电子云模型帮助理解能量与电荷传递和中性分子电离过程的关系,从分子的基本物性参数、能量耦合方式等角度讨论了能量与电荷在不同相态、组成和维度的复杂基体样品分子间传递的过程,着重阐述了能荷传递过程中分子的电子云变化规律及其对分子电离的影响,并简要讨论了这些影响在质谱分析中的应用.Conversion of molecules into ions is the key process in mass spectrometry. The low efficiency of ionization in the ambient environment is the bottleneck for the direct mass spectrometry analysis of trace molecules in complex matrices. In this mini-tutorial paper, the principle of energy coupling and the process of charge transfer between ambient molecules in various complex samples with different phase state, chemical composition and physical dimensions are discussed from the standpoint of physical chemistry. We focus on the variation in electron density distribution, energy and charge transfer process, as well as their impact on ionization. The role of these principles in various ambient ionization techniques is briefly discussed.

关 键 词：复杂基体样品 能荷传递 电子云 分子电离 直接质谱分析 

分 类 号：O657.63[理学—分析化学]