1992-2010年黄土高原小流域土壤有机碳时空变异性研究  

Analysis of temporal and spatial variability of soil organic carbon change in Loess Plateau small catchment: 1992-2010

作　　者：李明明[1,2] 韩凤朋[1,3] 刘恒博[3] 庞国伟[1,2] 张兴昌[1,3] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所黄土高原土壤侵蚀与干旱农业国家重点实验室,杨凌712100 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]西北农林科技大学,杨凌712100

出　　处：《干旱区资源与环境》2014年第4期134-139,共6页Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41101528);中国科学院西部行动计划项目"晋陕蒙能源基地受损生态系统恢复重建关键技术与示范"(KZCX2-XB3-13);陕西省水保局陕北开发建设项目水土流失治理项目"陕北煤油气开采区水土流失治理模式研究与示范";中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所创新培育方向项目"水土保持工程关键技术研发与集成"资助

摘　　要：采用GIS与地统计学相结合的方法,通过1992、2010年两期各82个土壤样本,探讨了1992-2010年黄土高原典型小流域土壤有机碳含量的时空变异性及空间分布变化特征。结果表明:2010年的土壤有机碳平均含量、变异系数均显著高于1992年,两期数据均属于中等变异强度,并符合对数正态分布;近20年来,研究区土壤有机碳含量空间相关性从中等强度增强至强烈相关,受结构因素引起的空间变异逐渐高于随机因素部分;1992、2010年的土壤有机碳含量的半方差函数分别符合球状、指数模型变化趋势;两期数据均表现出斑块状和阶梯状的空间分布格局,时空动态变化明显,地势较为平坦的低洼地区土壤有机碳含量增加显著。普通Kriging插值能直观的反映出该流域土壤有机碳时空分布变化。土地利用变化及一些人类活动能显著影响土壤有机碳含量,也是造成时空分异的主要原因。This study acquired 82 soil samples in typical small catchment of loess plateau in 1992 and 2010,respectively. The temporal and spatial variability of soil organic carbon content between 1992 and 2010 were investigated using the method combining GIS and Geostatistics analysis. The results showed the average contents of soil organic carbon and coefficient variation of 2010 were substantially higher than that of 1992. The contents of soil organic carbon were moderately variable and followed lognormal distribution. In the recent two decades,soil organic carbon content of the research area changed from moderate correlation and stochastic factors control to strong correlation and structural factors control,separately. The soil organic carbon content of 1992 and 2010 followed spherical model and exponential model. The spatial distributions maps of soil organic carbon content showed the patch mosaic distribution patterns and ladderlike pattern. In last two decades,the highest area of soil organic carbon distributions moved from the outside of catchment of relatively high topography to the central lowlying area which the topography was relatively flat. The ordinary Kriging can directly reflect the spatiotemporal variation conditions of soil organic carbon of this catchment. landuse changes and some human activities were main reasons for temporal and spatial variability changes.

关 键 词：土壤有机碳 地统计学 时空变异性 KRIGING插值 黄土高原 

分 类 号：S153.621[农业科学—土壤学]