基本公共服务水平的测度及差异分析——以新疆为例  

The measurement of basic public services quality and the analysis of their differences among prefectures——A case of Xinjiang

作　　者：杨帆[1,2] 杨德刚[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,乌鲁木齐830011 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《干旱区资源与环境》2014年第5期37-42,共6页Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment

基　　金：中国科学院西部行动计划项目(KZCX2-XB3-01)资助

摘　　要：基于2011年各地州统计资料,用熵值法分析新疆基本公共服务的水平及空间差异,探究了导致公共服务差异的原因。结果表明：1）基本公共服务水平偏低,空间差距较大,服务水平最高的地州得分只有0.601,最低的得分州只有0.194,66.67%的地州得分在0.2-0.4之间;2）各项基本公共服务的水平差异明显,养老保险、失业保险、医疗保险参保人数以及互联网用户数对基本公共服务非均等化的贡献最大;3）乌鲁木齐市的基本公共服务水平最高,和田地区最低;北疆基本公共服务的整体水平和地域差异都略高于南疆;4）经济发达和城镇化率高的地州基本公共服务水平高,少数民族人口比例高的地州基本公共服务水平低;5）基本公共服务的差异产生是经济发展不平衡、流动人口多、受教育程度低、自上而下的政绩考核机制以及财权事权界定不清、财政资金滥用等因素共同作用的结果。In this paper we analyzed the quality and spatial characteristics of Xinjiang by using entropy method.The results are as follows：（ 1） 60% prefectures score are less than 0. 3209,and 66. 67% prefectures score are between 0. 2 and 0. 4. The average score of prefectures scoring greater than 0. 6 is 3 times greater than that of prefectures scoring less than 0. 2. So the overall level of basic public services is low,and there are great differences among prefectures in the quality of basic public services.（ 2） The level of various basic public services is low and has large regional differences. Old-age insurance,unemployment insurance,medical insurance and the number of Internet users are of the greatest influence on the equalization of basic public services.（ 3） Urumqi has the highest level of basic public services,and Hotan Region has the lowest level. Basic public services in the northern region of Xinjiang are generally higher than those in the southern region,but have larger differences within regions.（ 4） The level of basic public services is positively correlated with economic development and urbanization level,but is negatively correlated with the proportion of minority population.（ 5） The present situation of basic public services is the result of economy,the growth of population,low level of education and a top-down performance evaluation mechanism.

关 键 词：基本公共服务 水平测度 差异分析 新疆 

分 类 号：F062.6[经济管理—政治经济学]