模拟增温对青海湖鸟岛高寒草原群落结构影响初步研究  

The influence of short-term experimental warming on alpine steppe of bird island,Qinghai Lake

作　　者：陈骥[1,2] 曹军骥[1,3] 金钊[1] 时伟宇[1] 张宝成[1,2] 张思毅[4] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地球环境研究,黄土与第四纪地质国家重点实验室,西安710075 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100039 [3]西安交通大学全球环境变化研究院,西安710075 [4]北京师范大学资源学院,北京100875

出　　处：《干旱区资源与环境》2014年第5期127-133,共7页Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment

基　　金：国家十一五科技支撑计划项目"流域生态和环境综合监测与评估技术"(2007BAC30B01);国家十二五科技支撑计划项目青海湖流域天空地生态环境监测平台与示范(2012BAH31B03)资助

摘　　要：采用国际冻原计划(ITEX)开顶箱(OTC)模拟增温实验方法,研究了青海湖鸟岛高寒草原群落结构、典型物种生长特征、地上生物量及繁殖分配对温度升高的响应。模拟增温使生长季20 cm土壤温度白天平均增温1.08℃;夜晚平均增温0.55℃。短期模拟增温没有影响到群落的物种组成,但改变了物种的重要值。增温使得原有群落逐步演替为以禾本科假苇拂子茅为主的群落,使群落趋于单一化发展。增温显著地增加了该区域主要禾本科植物的地上生物量和其有性繁殖株个体的高度以及穗子的长度,同时也增加了有性繁殖植株的比例。这说明由于小气候作用,环境条件诱发导致的土壤温度的改变,会使得植被的种群结构、典型物种生长特征、地上生物量及繁殖分配发生改变。Open Top Chamber（ OTC） was used to study the response of community structure,typical species growth characteristics and reproduce allocation in the alpine meadow of bird island,Qinghai Lake. During the growing season,the mean day and night soil temperature at depth of 20cm were increased by 1. 08℃ and 0.55℃,respectively. Short term experimental warming did not influence community species composition,but changed importance values. Experimental warming made the community gradually successed into the individualized community of Calamagrostis pseudophragmites. OTC experimental warming not only significantly increase sexual production species＇ aboveground height,ear length,and aboveground biomass,but also enhanced the ratio of sexual production. The microclimate change of soil can change community structure,typical species growth characteristics,aboveground biomass and reproduction allocation and even lead to species succession process.

关 键 词：模拟增温 群落结构 生长特征 繁殖分配 高寒草原 青海湖鸟岛 

分 类 号：S812[农业科学—草业科学] Q948[农业科学—畜牧学]