生活方式干预在慢性病高危体检人群的效果评价  

Effect of lifestyle intervention on chronic disease in high-risk population

作　　者：王维民[1] 李明 董剩勇[3] 路萍 周平 曾强[3] 

机构地区：[1]解放军总医院健康医学中心,北京100853 [2]北京中新惠尔健康科技有限公司 [3]解放军总医院国际医学中心

出　　处：《中华健康管理学杂志》2014年第2期91-94,共4页Chinese Journal of Health Management

基　　金：全军“十一五”计划保健专项课题（10BJZ18）

摘　　要：目的 通过对机关干部群体中的慢性病高危人群开展强化生活方式干预,减少慢性病危险因素,为优化企事业单位机关干部群体的健康管理模式提供依据.方法 筛选某大型企业机关干部中的400名慢性病高危人群作为观察对象,实施为期3个月强化生活方式干预,干预前后对主要生理生化指标、生活方式评分及心血管疾病风险评估结果进行对比分析,评价干预效果.结果 对符合资料要求的387名干预前后体检数据做统计分析,体质指数、腰围、收缩压、舒张压、空腹血糖、总胆固醇、三酰甘油、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇的变化差异有统计学意义（t=27.50、19.01、7.46、6.56、5.29、7.74、7.27、-7.64,P＜0.05）;低密度脂蛋白胆固醇的变化差异无统计学意义（t=0.73,P=0.469）.干预前后均完成生活方式评分与心血管疾病风险评估者373名,生活方式评分与体力活动的改善在干预前后有统计学意义（χ^2=48.405、50.778,P＜0.05）,膳食习惯、吸烟与饮酒情况的改善无统计学意义（χ^2=0.087、0.112、1.410,P＞0.05）;心血管疾病风险评估结果在干预前后有统计学意义（χ^2=10.284,P＜0.05）.结论 对慢性病高危人群开展生活方式干预,可有效控制慢性病危险因素.Objective To assess the effect of lifestyle intervention on risk factors of chronic disease. Methods A total of 400 adults with high-risk of chronic disease received 3 months＇ lifestyle intervention. The effect of lifestyle intervention was then estimated. Results A total of 387 adults took physical examination. After lifestyle intervention, body mass index, waist circumference, blood pressure, glucose, glyceride, total cholesterol, and high density liopportein were significant decreased （t values were 27.50, 19.01, 7.46, 6.56, 5.29, 7.74, 7.27 and- 7.64, respectively; all P〈0.05）; however, low density liopportein showed no significant difference （t=0.73, P=0.469）. A total of 373 adults had lifestyle and cardiovascular risk estimated. The scores of lifestyle and physical exercise showed statistically significant difference before and after lifestyle intervention （χ^2 values were 48.405 and 50.778, respectively; both P〈 0.05）. However, diet, alcohol drinking and cigarette smoking showed no significant difference （χ^2 values were 0.087, 0.112 and 1.410, respectively; all P〉0.05）. Moreover, the estimated cardiovascular risk showed significant difference （χ^2=10.284, P〈0.05）. Conclusion Lifestyle intervention could be an effective tool for those with higher risk of chronic disease.

关 键 词：生活方式 危险因素 健康管理 慢性病 

分 类 号：R194.3[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]