太行山前平原农牧结构模式评价与配套技术体系  

Evaluation of agropastoral model and necessary technical system

作　　者：王智平[1] 刘爱民[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学环境科学研究所,北京100875 [2]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101

出　　处：《自然资源学报》2001年第2期166-171,共6页Journal of Natural Resources

基　　金：国家"九五"攻关专题 !不同类型区农业资源高效利用优化模式与技术体系集成(96-013 -01 -03)的部分内容

摘　　要：农牧结构生产模式是太行山前平原农业生产的重要模式。苜蓿具有明显的经济效益、水分效益和土壤培肥作用。种植—畜牧模式农田亚系统可节约灌溉35 %、具有显著的经济效益和能效 ,苜蓿氮、磷产出投入率远高于小麦—玉米两熟制和棉花 ;畜牧亚系统氮素32 7 %、磷素25 9 %可归还农田亚系统 ,实行一定程度的养分循环。农牧结构优化模式的配套技术体系体现在制定合理的农牧比例、农田亚系统高效管理、调整畜牧结构、秸秆饲用处理、饲料作物和牧草种植技术以及农牧物质循环技术 ,其中制定合理的农牧比例、调整畜牧结构是关键。综合协调应用这些技术 ,最终能够实现提高农牧结构优化模式农业资源综合利用效率20 %～30 %的目标。This paper applies the research method of model evaluation and optimization and necessary technical system.Agropastoral structure is the main model for agricultural production in piedmont of Taihang Mountains.It can become an optimized model by evaluation and necessary technical system,and can facilitate high efficiency utilization of resources.Alfalfa shows remarkable effects of economy,water and fertility.Farmland subsystem of agropastoral model can save irrigation quota by 35% and possesses remar kable economic and energy efficiencies.Nitrogen and phosphate output/input of alfalfa is much higher than that of wheat maize system and cotton.Some 32.7% of nitrogen and 25.9% of phosphate of animal husbandry subsystem may be returned to the field and finish the definite nutrient cycle.Necessary techniques of optimized model of agropasture are the rational proportion between farming and pasturing,high efficiency management of field,adjustment of husbandry structure,straw fodder treatment,forage planting and agropastoral substance cycle.Among which the rational proportion and adjustment of husbandry structure are the key techniques.Applying rationally theses techniques,comprehensive utilization efficiency of agricultural resources can be added by 20%～30% based on the optimized agropastoral model.

关 键 词：太行山前平原 农牧结构 配套技术体系 种植-畜牧模式 农牧比例 农田亚系统 畜牧结构 

分 类 号：S34[农业科学—作物栽培与耕作技术]