中美海洋资源政策比较  

On the Construction of a New Type of Marine Resources Relationship between China and the United States

作　　者：孙悦民[1,2] 张明[3] 

机构地区：[1]广东海洋大学经济管理学院 [2]中央民族大学 [3]广东海洋大学

出　　处：《国际展望》2014年第2期77-93,152-153,共17页Global Review

基　　金：2013年度教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目"中国南海海岛行政价值观的历史演进和现实选择研究"(项目编号:13YJC630143);广东海洋大学人文社科项目(项目编号:1312080)的阶段性研究成果

摘　　要：海洋资源政策领域有潜力成为两国构建新型大国关系的重要合作领域。一方面,中美两国的海洋资源政策在政策环境、纵向政策层次、横向政策内容、政策过程四个方面均存在着差异。美国海洋资源政策建设起步早、力度大,在很多方面对中国在"建设海洋强国"目标指导下健全海洋资源政策体系具有启示作用。中国海洋资源政策建设起点高,具有后发优势,能够为美国革新相对僵化的海洋资源政策体系提供借鉴。另一方面,中美两国海洋资源政策建设都存在着自身无法顺利变革的障碍,中国需要基于国情、凸显后发优势、完善政策体系,美国需要适应时代要求、转变思维观念。中美在海洋资源政策领域内的差异性与互补性,使双方可通过构建新型大国关系,在合作共赢中改革、完善各自的海洋资源政策体系。Marine resources will potentially become an important cooperation area to build a new type of major-power relationship between China and the U.S. On the one hand there are differences between China and the U.S. over marine resources policy These differences exist in the policy environment, at longitudinal and horizonta policy levels, and in policy process. The development of U.S. marine resourcespolicies started earlier and with greater efforts. So these polices in many ways are able to provide a positive reference for China's planning of marine resources policy to build China into a sea power. The development of China's marine resources policies starts from a high level and has an advantage of a late-comer. The U.S. will have a reference from China to reform its marine resources policy system which has been relatively rigid. On the other hand, there are obstacles which will not automatically change in the process of China and U.S. marine resources policy planning. It is necessary to pay attention to national conditions, highlight the advantage of late-comer and improve the policy system in China. The U.S. needs to keep pace with the times and transform the mindset. Differences and complementarities in the marine resources policies of the two countries can become an important area of cooperation to build a new type of major-power relationship. This cooperation relationship can achieve win-win result and improve the policy system of marine resources.

关 键 词：海洋资源政策 差异 互补 合作 

分 类 号：D820[政治法律—政治学]