Exit selection strategy in pedestrian evacuation simulation with multi-exits  

作　　者：岳昊 张滨雅 邵春福 邢燕 

机构地区：[1]MOE Key Laboratory for Urban Transportation Complex Systems Theory and Technology,Beijing Jiaotong University [2]Tianjin Bohai Urban Planning & Design Institute

出　　处：《Chinese Physics B》2014年第5期195-207,共13页中国物理B（英文版）

基　　金：Project supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(Grant No.2012CB725400);the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11172035);the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China(Grant No.2013JBM046);the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant Nos.20090460184 and 201003036);the Talent Foundation of Beijing Jiaotong University,China(Grant No.2012RC026)

摘　　要：A mixed strategy of the exit selection in a pedestrian evacuation simulation with multi-exits is constructed by fusing the distance-based and time-based strategies through a cognitive coefficient, in order to reduce the evacuation imbalance caused by the asymmetry of exits or pedestrian layout, to find a critical density to distinguish whether the strategy of exit selection takes effect or not, and to analyze the exit selection results with different cognitive coefficients. The strategy of exit selection is embedded in the computation of the shortest estimated distance in a dynamic parameter model, in which the concept of a jam area layer and the procedure of step-by-step expending are introduced. Simulation results indicate the characteristics of evacuation time gradually varying against cognitive coefficient and the effectiveness of reducing evacuation imbalance caused by the asymmetry of pedestrian or exit layout. It is found that there is a critical density to distinguish whether a pedestrian jam occurs in the evacuation and whether an exit selection strategy is in effect. It is also shown that the strategy of exit selection has no effect on the evacuation process in the no-effect phase with a low density, and that evacuation time and exit selection are dependent on the cognitive coefficient and pedestrian initial density in the in-effect phase with a high density.A mixed strategy of the exit selection in a pedestrian evacuation simulation with multi-exits is constructed by fusing the distance-based and time-based strategies through a cognitive coefficient, in order to reduce the evacuation imbalance caused by the asymmetry of exits or pedestrian layout, to find a critical density to distinguish whether the strategy of exit selection takes effect or not, and to analyze the exit selection results with different cognitive coefficients. The strategy of exit selection is embedded in the computation of the shortest estimated distance in a dynamic parameter model, in which the concept of a jam area layer and the procedure of step-by-step expending are introduced. Simulation results indicate the characteristics of evacuation time gradually varying against cognitive coefficient and the effectiveness of reducing evacuation imbalance caused by the asymmetry of pedestrian or exit layout. It is found that there is a critical density to distinguish whether a pedestrian jam occurs in the evacuation and whether an exit selection strategy is in effect. It is also shown that the strategy of exit selection has no effect on the evacuation process in the no-effect phase with a low density, and that evacuation time and exit selection are dependent on the cognitive coefficient and pedestrian initial density in the in-effect phase with a high density.

关 键 词：pedestrian evacuation exit selection strategy critical density dynamic parameters 

分 类 号：U491[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]