从“胡”到“梵”:汉唐佛教的文化身份转变  

From "Hu" to "Fan" :on Buddhist cultural Identity from Han to Tang Dynasty

作　　者：刘林魁[1] 

机构地区：[1]宝鸡文理学院文学与新闻传播学院

出　　处：《世界宗教研究》2014年第2期45-52,194,共8页Studies in World Religions

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目"唐代三教论衡及其文学影响研究"(项目编号:12XZW003);宝鸡文理学院科研项目"西魏北周三教论衡与隋唐宗教文化研究"(项目编号:ZK14016)的阶段性成果

摘　　要："胡"、"梵"是中外文化交流过程中产生的两种称谓。中土对"胡"、"梵"关系的认识和变化,成为中外文化交流不断加深的见证。"胡"为"匈奴"一词的转读,秦汉以来常指代出自西域的名物,汉代入华之佛教也归入了"胡"文化。"梵"源自梵语,伴随佛教入华,与佛教相关之名物也常以"梵"来指称。汉魏两晋南北朝时期,中土语境中的佛教文化,常常即"胡"即"梵","胡"、"梵"等同。自隋代开始,佛教徒宗"梵"弃"胡",主动改变佛教的文化身份。此种转变,为佛经汉译、三教论衡以及隋唐佛教独立自主发展潮流等合力所致。由宗"梵"弃"胡"带动的区分"胡""梵"、转"胡"为"梵"的做法,对佛教学术文化的发展产生了复杂而深远的影响。Both of 'Hu' and 'Fan' are names generated in the process of cultural exchange between china and foreign countries.Changes in their relationship come to be a witness of the cultural exchange.In other words, 'Hu' is the 'Huns',which used to name the famous objects from the Western Regions since Qin and Han Dynasties.Buddhism,introduced into China from Western Regions,finally was included in 'Hu' cultural. 'Fan' is a word from Sanskrit,which refers to the famous objects associated with Buddhism.In the Han,Wei and the Jin Dynasties period,Buddhist culture in China,can be either 'Hu' or 'Fan'.After Sui Dynasty,Buddhist valued 'Fan' while abandoned ' Hu',which aims to change the identity of Buddhism.It caused as the result of Buddhist translation,religions' argumentation,as well as the independent developing trend.It has a complicated and deep effect on the development of Buddhism culture when Buddhism valued.

关 键 词：佛教 即“胡”即“梵” 宗“梵”弃“胡” 中外文化 

分 类 号：B949[哲学宗教—宗教学]