2种盐土改良剂对苏北滨海盐碱土壤盐分及植物生长的影响  

Effect of Two Soil Ameliorant on Soil Salinity and Plant in Coastal Saline-alkali Soil of North Jiangsu Province

作　　者：刘莉萍[1] 刘兆普[1] 隆小华[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学资源与环境科学学院,江苏省海洋生物学重点实验室,南京210095

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2014年第2期127-131,153,共6页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：江苏省农业科技自主创新资金项目(CX(12)1005-3);国家科技支撑项目(2011BAD13B09);公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费项目(200903001-05);中央高校基本业务费项目(Y0201100249);江苏省科技支撑项目(BE2011368)

摘　　要：通过田间小区试验，研究一种新研制的盐碱土壤调理剂和牛粪对苏北滨海盐碱地土壤盐分和植物生长的影响。结果表明：（1）2种改良剂能在一定程度上降低土壤盐分，0-15cm改良效果优于20cm。（2）从单因素试验来看，新研制的盐土改良剂A2的改良效果最好，7-11月份土壤表层脱盐率分别为53．28％，47．02％，49．07％，47．76％，改良效果持久稳定。牛粪比这种新型改良剂的效果好，B2、B3的改良效果相当，7—10月份土壤表层的脱盐率范围为49．20％～62．35％。（3）2种改良剂交互作用下，最优化处理组合为A283，7—11月份土壤表层的脱盐率分别为63．70％，64．88％，49．38％，41．52％。（4）单施和混施改良剂均能不同程度地提高作物株高和茎粗。（5）施加改良剂能减缓Na^＋对植物的盐害，增加对K^＋、Ca^2＋的吸收，对Mg^2＋没有显著影响。总之，新型改良剂起到了有效降低盐碱土含盐量、促进海蓬子生长等作用，具有良好的改土效应，与牛粪混施，在一定程度上可以增强改良效果。In order to research the effects of a new ameliorant of saline-alkali soil and cow dung on soil salinity and palnt growth, the field plots experiments were carried out in coastal saline soil in Dafeng, North Jiang- su. The results were as follows： （1）Compared to the control, both the new ameliorant of saline-alkali soil and cow dung had the property to decrease soil salinity. The improvement effect at 0-15 em layer was better than that at 20 cm layer. （2）Single-factor experiment showed that soil ameliorant A2 had the best effect on soil desalting. Results showed that the desalting rate of soil surface layer was 53.28%, 47.02%, 49.07%, 47.76% from Jul. to Oct. respectively. Moreover, cow dung showed better effects than the new ameliorant. The desalting rate of soil surface layer was in the range of 49.20% to 62.35% from Jul. to Oct. （3）Interac- tion experiments showed that optimal combination was level A2B3, and desalting rate of soil surface layer was 63.70%, 64.88%, 49.38%, 41.52% from Jul. to Nov. , respectively. （4）Stem height and stem diame- ter increased under application and mixed fertilizer experiments. （5）The ameliorant of saline-alkali soil could reduce the damage of Na＋ to salicornia europaea, and increase the absorption of K＋ and Ca2＋. There was no significant effect on the absorption of Mg2＋. According to the results, the new ameliorant provided positive effects for accelerating the salt moving down and promoting growth of the Salicornia europaea L.. The in- teractive effects of new conditioners and cow dung were more significant for improving seashore saline soil.

关 键 词：滨海盐碱土 土壤改良剂 电导率 海蓬子 离子分布 

分 类 号：S156.4[农业科学—土壤学]