复垦村庄土壤重金属污染损失评价  

Evaluation on Heavy Metal Pollution Loss of Soil in Reclaimed Village

作　　者：高奇[1] 师学义[1] 李牧[1] 唐棠[1] 张美荣[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学土地科学技术学院,北京100083

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2014年第2期204-209,共6页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国土资源部公益性行业科研专项经费课题(编号:201111015-04)

摘　　要：以山西省泽州县西郜村的复垦村庄为研究区域，在分析该地区土壤重金属含量的基础上，选择污染损失模型对土壤重金属污染状况进行评价。确定区域优质耕地土壤重金属平均含量为背景值，并运用主成分分析法确定各重金属对损失的贡献率，初步估算复垦村庄土壤重金属对复垦后耕地的污染损失率（重金属对复垦后土壤的损害程度）和耕地利用时重金属造成的经济损失量。研究结果表明，复垦村庄范围内各重金属单项污染损失率在0．85％～1．37％之间，全区综合污染损失率平均为11．60％，污染等级均为Ⅱ级，土壤损失属于“良”水平；砷、铅和铬的污染损失率均大于1％，且与综合污染损失率有较高的正相关性，对于综合污染损失率贡献率较大，是主要的污染因子；通过污染损失模型估算出复垦村庄重金属的污染状况对于复垦后耕地每年造成的损失为4．37万元。污染损失模型对污染因子具有更强的分辨率，对于土壤污染的相对严重性判断更精确，评价结果有效地反映了复垦村庄整体的重金属污染损失状况，有助于复垦后耕地的重金属污染的控制与修复。Choosing a reclaimed village in Zezhou county of Shanxi province as the study area and based on an- alyzing the heavy metal content of the soil in this area, the model of pollution loss was selected to evaluate heavy metal pollution. The average content of heavy metal in the soil of regional high-quality arable land was identified as the background value and the method of principal component analysis was applied to determine the contribution rate of each heavy metal for economic loss, the paper preliminarily estimated the heavy metal pollution rate of reclaimed village compared to newly added arable land after reclamation （the reclaimed soil damaging degree caused by heavy metal pollution） and the economic loss caused by heavy metals during ara- ble land use. The results were shown as follows ; （1）The single pollution loss rate of each heavy metal within the scope of reclaimed village varied from 0.85% to 1.37% and the integrated pollution loss rate of the region was 11.60%, which indicated that the pollution level was 1I and soil loss were ＂good＂ level. （2）The pollution loss rare of arsenic, lead and chromium were greater than 1% and had a high positive correlation with inte- grated pollution loss rate, showing that the three elements had the higher contribution rate for integrated pollution loss rate and were the main pollution factors. （3）The economic loss of reclaimed village compared to newly added arable land was 43 700 Yuan each year. The model of pollution loss had a stronger resolution for pollution factors and the more accurate judgment for the relative seriousness of soil contamination. The e- valuation results effectively reflected the whole situation of heavy metal pollution in soil of reclaimed village, which could be beneficial to heavy metal pollution control and remediation of newly added arable land after reclamation.

关 键 词：复垦村庄 重金属污染 污染损失模型 污染损失评价 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]