种植密度对春玉米灌浆期光合特性及产量的影响  

Impact of Planting Density on Photosynthetic Characteristics and Yield of Spring Corn( Zea mays L. ) in Filling Stage

作　　者：徐韶[1] 

机构地区：[1]铁岭市农业科学院,辽宁铁岭112616

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2014年第11期3216-3217,3220,共3页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-02-34)

摘　　要：[目的]揭示玉米(Zea mays L.)光合生理指标和产量间的关系,以期为玉米高产、高效生产及合理密植提供理论依据和技术支持。[方法]研究了3个春玉米品种(紧凑型品种铁研124和郑单958,半紧凑型品种丹玉39)在4.5万、6.0万、7.5万株/hm2种植密度条件下灌浆期光合特性和产量的变化。[结果]种植密度对春玉米灌浆期光合速率、蒸腾速率和气孔导度有负影响;铁研124与郑单958在7.5万株/hm2种植密度下均获得了较高的产量,丹玉39在6.0万株/hm2种植密度下产量最高。相关分析表明,铁研124与郑单958的群体产量与单株光合速率、蒸腾速率和气孔导度均呈负相关;丹玉39的群体产量与单株光合速率、蒸腾速率和气孔导度均呈正相关。[结论]郑单958与铁研124的产量增加得宜于群体数量的增加,适宜密植。丹玉39主要来源于单株产量,不适宜密植。[Objective] To explore the relationship between photosynthetic physical indexes and yield of corn （Zea mays L.）,offer theoretical and technical support for the high-yield,high-efficiency production and reasonable density of corn.[Method] Changes of photosynthetic characteristics and yield of 3 spring corn varieties （compact varieties：Tieyan 124 and Zhengdan 958; semi-compact variety：Danyu 39） in the filling stage under the planting density of 45 000,60 000 and 75 000 plants/hm2 were compared.[Result] Planting density has negative influence on photosynthesis rate,transpiration rate and stoma conductance of corn plants; Tieyan 124 and Zhengdan 958 have higher yield under the planting density of 75 000 plants/hm2,Danyu 39 has higher yield under the density of 60 000 plants/hm2.According to the correlation analysis,group yield and individual photosynthesis rate,transpiration rate and stoma conductance of Tieyan 124 and Zhengdan 958 are negatively correlated.Group yield and individual photosynthesis rate,transpiration rate and stoma conductance of Danyu 39 are positively correlated.[Conclusion] Yield increase of Zhengdan 958 and Tieyan 124 depends on the increase of group numbers,so they are suitable for high-density planting; that of Danyu 39 depends on yield of individual plants,so it is not suitable for high-density planting.

关 键 词：春玉米 种植密度 光合特性 产量 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]