中小企业农民工个人防护用品使用分析  

Analysis of use of personal protective equipment among rural-to-urban migrant workers in small and medium enterprises in Zhongshan and Shenzhen, China

作　　者：曾智[1] 陆丽明[1] 饶展宏 韩璐[1] 石景容[1] 凌莉[1] 

机构地区：[1]中山大学公共卫生学院医学统计与流行病学系、中山大学流动人口卫生政策研究中心,广州510080 [2]深圳市宝安区疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《中华劳动卫生职业病杂志》2014年第4期274-276,共3页Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases

基　　金：中华医学基金会（China Medical Board）,中山大学流动人口卫生政策研究中心机构建设项目（09984）

摘　　要：目的 了解中山市和深圳市中小企业农民工个人防护用品提供和使用现状,探讨影响其使用的因素,为保障农民工的健康,更好地开展职业卫生服务提供依据.方法 采用多阶段抽样方法对广东省中山市和深圳市27家企业856名农民工进行面访式的问卷调查,采用单因素方差分析、x2检验和logistic回归方法进行统计分析.结果 38.67％（331/1 856）的农民工获得了工厂免费提供的个人防护用品,不同行业[家具行业（45.81％）,电子行业（31.46％）]、不同企业规模[中型企业（42.13％）,小型企业（39.20％）,微型企业（22.16％）],个人防护用品提供率不同;22.43％坚持使用个人防护用品,logistic回归分析结果表明影响农民工个人防护用品使用的因素包括性别、年龄、职业健康知识知晓程度以及企业规模.结论 农民工个人防护用品提供与使用情况较差,规模大的企业个人防护用品提供情况较好,男性、年龄越大是个人防护用品使用的保护因素,职业健康知识得分越高,个人防护用品使用情况越好,企业规模越小是个人防护用品使用的危险因素.Objective To investigate the current supply and use of personal protective equipment （PPE） among rural-to-urban migrant workers in small and medium enterprises （SMEs） in Zhongshan and Shenzhen,China and the influential factors for the use of PPE,and to provide a basis for better occupational health services and ensuring the health of migrant workers.Methods Multi-stage sampling was used to select 856 migrant workers from 27 SMEs in Zhongshan and Shenzhen,and face-to-face questionnaire survey was conducted in these subjects.Statistical analysis was performed by one-way analysis of variance,chi-square test,and logistic regression.Results Of all migrant workers,38.67% were supplied with free PPE by the factory,and this rate varied across industries （furniture industry：45.81%; electronic industry：31.46%） and SMEs （medium enterprises：42.13%; small enterprises：39.20%; micro enterprises：22.16%）; 22.43% insisted on the use of PPE.The logistic regression analysis showed that factors associated with the use of PPE included sex,age,awareness of occupational health knowledge,and the size of enterprise.Conclusion The rates of supply and use of PPE among migrant workers are low.The larger the enterprise,the better the supply of PPE.Male gender,being elder,and high occupational health knowledge score were favorable factors for the use of PPE,while small enterprise size was the unfavorable factor for the use of PPE.

关 键 词：中小企业 农民工 个人防护用品 职业健康 

分 类 号：R13[医药卫生—劳动卫生]