铅染毒对大鼠血液及排泄物中18种元素的影响  

Effects of lead exposure on 18 elements in blood and excretions in rats

作　　者：刘多见[1] 吴晶[1] 刘雅琼[1] 欧阳荔[1] 王京宇[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学公共卫生学院中心实验室,北京100191 [2]北京大学医药卫生分析中心,北京100191

出　　处：《北京大学学报（医学版）》2014年第2期232-236,共5页Journal of Peking University:Health Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(30972434)资助~~

摘　　要：目的:探讨消化道铅暴露对大鼠体内铅及其他金属元素含量的影响。方法:将SD大鼠随机分成对照组和不同剂量受试组,采用醋酸铅溶液隔天灌胃染毒,连续染毒5次后收集大鼠全血、尿液与粪便。用电感耦合等离子体质谱仪(inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry,ICP-MS)和电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪(inductively coupled plasma atom emission spectrometry,ICP-AES)测定样品中铅及18种金属元素的含量。结果:染毒后大鼠体重及各脏体比组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。血铅含量、尿铅及粪铅总量均随着铅染毒剂量的增加而呈升高趋势,但尿铅总量在高剂量组不再升高。大鼠全血中钠、镁、钾、锶、锑、铊、铋元素含量,尿液中钾、铁、锑含量,粪便中钙、铁、锌、铜、铊、铋及稀土元素含量,组间差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:铅可能通过竞争共同转运载体而影响二价金属离子(如钙、镁、铁、锌、铜、锶)的代谢,同时可引起轻稀土元素及有毒元素铊、铋的排出,并改变机体内锑、钠、钾元素水平,但未观察到铅对大鼠体内钼、镉元素的影响。Objective： To investigate the effects of lead exposure on lead and other metal elements contents in rats. Methods： SD rats were randomly divided into control group and several experiment groups of different doses. The rats were exposed to lead acetate through intragastric administration every other day for 5 times. The whole blood, urine and feces of all the rats were collected. The concentrations of lead and 18 metal elements in these samples were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spec- trometry （ICP-MS） and inductively coupled plasma atom emission spectrometry （ICP-AES）. Results： No significant difference among the groups was found for body weight and organ-body ratios of the rats after lead exposure （P 〉 0.05 ）. With the increase of exposure dose, lead content in blood, total lead in urine and feces tended to increase, while the total lead in urine no longer increased in the high dose group. Significant differences among the groups （P 〈 0.05 ） were observed for the sodium, magnesium, potassium, strontium, antimony, thallium and bismuth contents in the whole blood, the potassium, iron and antimony contents in the urine, and the calcium, iron, zinc, copper, thallium, bismuth and rare earth elements contents in the feces. Conclusion ： The effect of lead on the metabolism of divalent metal ions, namely calcium, magnesium, iron, zinc, copper and strontium ion, may be due to the competition of lead with the ions for common delivery carrier. Lead exposure induces the excretion of light rare earth elements and toxic elements （thallium and bismuth） , and changes the antimony, sodium and potassium contents in rats. But there is no effect of lead on molybdenum and cadmium in rats.

关 键 词：铅 金属 重 稀土元素 血液 大鼠 

分 类 号：R135.11[医药卫生—劳动卫生]