3个地理群体仿刺参D-loop序列的变异及系统发生分析  

D-loop sequences variation and phylogenetic analysis in three geographical populations of the sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus

作　　者：姬南京[1] 常亚青[1] 赵冲[1] 宋坚[1] 高银雪 

机构地区：[1]大连海洋大学农业部北方海水增养殖重点实验室,辽宁大连116023

出　　处：《水产学报》2014年第4期477-482,共6页Journal of Fisheries of China

基　　金：辽宁省科技攻关重大项目(2011203003);国家自然科学基金(31072230);国家"八六三"高技术研究发展计划(2012AA10A412)

摘　　要：为研究中国大连（CD）、朝鲜罗津（KN）和俄罗斯海参崴（RV）3个仿刺参群体的遗传结构，实验采用PCR扩增和测序技术，对3个群体共计71头仿刺参的线粒体D．100p序列进行了分析。结果显示，D—loop序列长度为447～465bp，平均A＋T含量（59．2％）显著高于G＋C含量；共检测到119个变异位点，多态位点比例为24．24％，其中简约信息位点为53个，共有40种基因型，群体共享基因型7个。遗传多样性参数分析显示，3个群体均显示出较丰富的遗传多样性；分子方差（AMOVA）分析表明，3个群体间遗传分化较弱或只有中度分化，且93．04％的变异来自群体内。CD群体与RV群体之间遗传距离最远，为0．042，KN群体与RV群体之间遗传距离最近，为0．0374。将本研究所得序列结合GenBank中青岛（QD）和威海（WH）仿刺参的D-loop序列构建系统发育树，QD与WH仿刺参首先聚为一小支，然后与CD群体聚为一大支，KN群体与RV群体聚为独立一支，这一聚类方式符合地理隔离模式。Mitochondrial D-loop sequences were analyzed to study the genetic structure of the sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus. In this study, 71 individuals from three natural populations were collected from Dalian,China （ CD ） , Rajin, North Korea （ KN ） and Vladivostok, Russia （ RV ）. 447 - 465 bp D-loop sequences were obtained using PCR amplification. The mean content of A ＋ T（59.2% ）was higher than G ＋ C. The proportion of polymorphic sites was 24.24% , in which parsimony informative sites were 53. Forty haplotypes were identified from 71 samples, among which 7 haplotypes were shared by three populations. Genetic diversity parameters showed high genetic diversity among populations. The fixation indices （FsT）of analysis of molecular variance（AMOVA）within populations was 93.04% ,which indicated that the genetic differentiation of the three populations was weak or only moderately differentiated. The genetic distances among populations were 0. 037 4 （KN and RV）and 0. 042 （CD and RV）. The molecular phylogenetic tree was constructed with the D-loop sequences of Qingdao （QD） and Weihai （WH） from GenBank with NJ method using software MEGA 4.0. Populations of QD and WH clustered into a small branch, then with CD, while KN and RV clustered into the other branch. The results were consistent with their geographical isolation mode.

关 键 词：仿刺参 D-loop序列 遗传多样性 遗传分化 

分 类 号：Q785[生物学—分子生物学] S968.9[农业科学—水产养殖]