马先蒿中除草活性物质的初步研究  

A study on the herbicidal active substances from Pedicularis L.

作　　者：龚占虎[1] 李永国[2] 张金林[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学植物保护学院,河北保定071001 [2]河北农业大学教学实验场,河北保定071001

出　　处：《河北农业大学学报》2014年第2期93-98,共6页Journal of Hebei Agricultural University

基　　金：河北省自然科学基金(2012204006)

摘　　要：为了开发利用马先蒿中的除草活性物质,本试验选取95%乙醇、甲醇、乙酸乙酯、氯仿、石油醚5种溶剂对马先蒿中除草活性物质进行了提取;将提取物经树脂柱层析、高速逆流色谱(HSCCC)、高效液相色谱(HPLC)等方法进行了分离纯化。结果表明:马先蒿95%乙醇提取物的除草活性较强,其对小麦根生长的抑制率达到(75.99±1.05)%,95%乙醇可以作为较优的提取溶剂;经树脂柱层析75%乙醇洗脱组分除草活性最强,其对狗尾草种子萌发的校正抑制率达到(46.87±5.33)%;经HSCCC分离得到的组分Ⅰ除草活性较强,其对狗尾草种子萌发的校正抑制率达到(62.49±5.41)%;经HPLC分析,其中保留时间为2.420,3.315和5.677min的组分除草活性最强。该试验方法操作简便、高效,为分离纯化马先蒿中的除草活性物质提供了一条新途径。For comprehensively developing and utilizing the herbicidal activity substances of Pe- dicularis L. , this experiment has been cleared the best extraction solvent of the herbicidal ac- tive substance from Pedicularis L., and selected the optimum separation and purification methods, preliminary obtained the component having herbicidal activity. In the study, we choose 95% ethanol, methanol, ethyl acetate, chloroform, petroleum ether five kinds of sol- vents to extract the herbicidal active substances in Pedicularis L.. The extracts was separated and purified successively through the resin column chromatography, high-speed countercurrent chromatography （HSCCC）, high performance liquid chromatography （HPLC）. The results showed that： 95% ethanol extract of Pedicularis L. has strong herbicidal activity, and which being to inhibition rate on the growth of wheat root achieves （75.99 ± 1.05）%. 95 % ethanol can be used as optimum extraction solvent. The fraction eluting with 75 % ethanol by the resin column chromatography has the highest herbicidal activity and correction inhibition rate to the germination on Setaria viridis （L.）Beauv. seeds achieves （46.87± 5.33）%; Component of peak I separated by HSCCC has the strong herbicidal activity and the correction inhibition rate of Setaria viridis （L.）Beauv. seeds comes to（62.49±5.41）%. Analysis by HPLC, the componentsof retention time of 2. 420, 3. 315 and 5. 677 min shows the strongest herbicidal activity. This test method is simple, efficient and provides a new way for the separation and purification of the herbicidal active substances from Pedicularis L..

关 键 词：马先蒿 除草活性物质 HSCCC HPLC 

分 类 号：S451[农业科学—植物保护]