晚清民国庭审中的女性——以龙泉司法档案供词、笔录为中心的研究  

Women in Court Hearings during the Late Qing and Republic of China: Centered on the Confessions and Transcripts in the Longquan Judicial Files

作　　者：杜正贞[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学历史系

出　　处：《文史哲》2014年第3期79-93,166,共15页Literature,History,and Philosophy

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目"民国地方司法实践与社会变迁研究"(10BZS032);国家社会科学基金重大项目"龙泉司法档案整理与研究"(13&ZD151)的阶段性成果;浙江省社科规划课题<清代以来浙南山区的宗族:观念;惯例和司法--以民国龙泉地方法院档案为中心的研究>(09CGLS001Z)

摘　　要：诉讼档案中女性当事人的供词和笔录,记录了她们在公堂法庭之上的言词。这些档案的意义首先在于,它们说明女性自己站在了公堂法庭之上,直接面对知县、法官以及对方,并发声说话。但这并不意味着,供词和笔录如实记录了女性当事人真实的语言和诉求。一方面,这些文字在记录过程中不免有记录者的选择、修饰、隐晦甚至篡改。另一方面,尽管男女平等是中华民国法律和诉讼程序改革的原则之一,但更加专业化的司法程序、法律语言,使男权以微妙的形式继续潜藏于诉讼过程中,由此导致女性在法庭上可能处于另一种强势话语的威胁之下,而无法表达和坚持自己的诉求。The confessions and transcripts of female parties in judicial files record their words in court.The significance of these files lies in showing that the women themselves appeared in court,facing directly the county magistrate,the judge,and the opposing party,and spoke.But that did not mean that the confessions and transcripts faithfully recorded their true speech and appeal.On the one hand,these writings were inevitably truncated,polished,edited,and even falsified in the recording process;on the other hand,although gender equality was one principle in the reforms of law and procedure during the Republican period,the more specialized judicial procedure and legal language had kept patriarchy lurking in the litigation process in subtle forms,which placed women under the threat of another kind of strong discourse,thus unable to express their own appeals.

关 键 词：清代公堂 民国庭审制度 龙泉档案 女性 庭审 供词 笔录 

分 类 号：D929[政治法律—法学] K252[历史地理—历史学]