居住区环境与犯罪行为关系研究——以上海市浦东新区居住区为例  

Relationship between Environments and Criminal Behavior in Residential Area:A Case Study of Residential Area in Pudong New Area,Shanghai

作　　者：毛媛媛[1,2] 丁家骏 

机构地区：[1]苏州大学建筑与城市规划系,江苏苏州215123 [2]复旦大学公共管理与公共政策国家哲学社会科学创新基地,上海200433 [3]上海市政工程设计研究总院城乡规划分院,上海200092

出　　处：《城市发展研究》2014年第4期78-85,共8页Urban Development Studies

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目"基于犯罪预防的居住环境规划设计与管理研究"(项目批准号:51208115)

摘　　要：以上海市原浦东新区为例,研究影响居住区犯罪的环境要素并检验国外相关理论在国内居住区中的适用性。依据相关犯罪统计数据选取案件高发、中发、低发居住区各20个,通过现场勘查获取这60个居住区现状环境要素数据,检验出对犯罪数量有显著影响的环境因素主要有居住区规模、物业管理、居住区主路形式、居住区绿地功能四个方面,涉及环境设计预防犯罪理论中形象与维护,自然监视以及活动支持三方面要素。同时也发现居住区规模、领域感以及通道控制等方面与居住区犯罪的关系与国外研究结论存在差异,说明国外相关理论和经验在我国居住区的适用性有待检验。This paper, taking Pudong New Area as a case, studies the environmental factors affecting crime in residential area and examines the applicability of the theories and experiences from western countries into Chinese residential areas. According to the crime data provided by Pudong Police, 60 residential areas were selected as samples and divided into 3 groups. Tbe first group is consisted of 20 residential areas of high crime density; the second group is consisted of 20 residential areas of middle crime density, and the third one, 20 residential areas of low crime density. First-hand environmental data of these samples were obtained by field survey. The results show that four environmental variables affecting crimes significantly are the size of residential area, property management, the type of the main road network and the function of green space in residential area. These four variables reflect three factors in Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design theory including image and maintenance, natural surveillance and activity support, while other factors of the theory are not found to have influence on residential crime in this study. What＇s more, this study draws some different conclusions from the existing theories and findings in western countries.

关 键 词：居住区 空间环境 规划设计 犯罪 浦东 

分 类 号：TU984.12[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]