不同药剂对韭菜迟眼蕈蚊致毒的温度效应及田间药效  

Toxicity of Insecticides to Bradysia odoriphaga at Different Temperatures and Their Control Effect in the Fields

作　　者：李贤贤[1] 马晓丹[1] 薛明[1] 李朝霞[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学植物保护学院,山东泰安271018

出　　处：《北方园艺》2014年第9期125-128,共4页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：山东省重大应用技术创新专项资助项目;公益性行业科技资助项目(201303027)

摘　　要：以5种杀虫剂为供试药剂,以韭菜迟眼蕈蚊为供试虫源,采用定量滴加法,在8、16、24℃条件下测定了5种药剂对韭菜迟眼蕈蚊幼虫毒力的温度效应,并进行了盆栽和田间的药效试验。结果表明:5种药剂均表现为正温度效应,其中吡虫啉的正温度效应最明显,24℃时的毒力是8℃时的4.66倍;其次为辛硫磷、噻虫胺和噻虫嗪,三者温度效应基本一致;而甲维盐温度效应最小;盆栽药效试验结果表明,在50mg/L的处理剂量下,噻虫胺处理的幼虫校正死亡率为75.2%,防效最高,分别比同剂量处理的辛硫磷、吡虫啉和噻虫嗪处理高14.5%、24.8%和28.2%;田间药效试验表明,噻虫胺以100mg/L和50mg/L灌根处理最好,处理25d后的防效达100%和95.2%,显著优于200mg/L辛硫磷的防效(84.2%);吡虫啉100mg/L、噻虫嗪100mg/L的处理,防效分别达93.7%和96.9%,均优于辛硫磷200mg/L和100mg/L的处理;3种新烟碱类杀虫剂对韭蛆防效高,其中以噻虫胺表现优异,对韭菜迟眼蕈蚊的幼虫持续控制作用大,环境友好,十分适合田间防治韭蛆推广应用。Taking 5 kinds of pesticide as test drug and Bradysia odoriphaga as test pest, the effect of temperature on toxicity of seclected insecticides on Bradysia odoriphaga was evaluated,the toxicities of 5 insecticides in 8.16.24℃ were studied with dripping ration liquid method,and their control efficiency in the field were also studied. The results showed that the toxicities of 5 insecticides showed positive temperature effect. Among these insecticides,Imidacloprid showed the most obvious positive temperature effect, toxicity of Imidacloprid in 24℃ was 4. 66 times higher than that in 8℃. Methomyl, Clothianidin and Thiamethoxam%s positive temperature effect were similar, and the positive temperature effect of Emamectin benzoate was minimum. In pot test,Emendation larvae mortality was 75. 2% when roots were irrigated by Clothianidin 50 mg/L, which was 14. 5%, 24. 8% and 28. 2% higher than the same dose treatment of Methomyl, Imidacloprid and Thiamethoxam respectively. In field test, Clothianidin 100 mg/L and 50 mg/L irrigating roots treatments were the best when processed 25 days. The pesticide effect of Clothianidin were 100% and 95. 2% while control efficiency of Methomyl 200 mg/L was 84. 2%. Pesticide effect of Imidacloprid and Thiamethoxam 100 mg/L irrigating roots were 93. 7 % and 96. 9 % respectively, which were also better than Methomyl 200 mg/L and 100 mg/L. The 3 kinds of neonicotinoids all had good pesticide effect on Bradysia odoriphaga. Among them, Clothianidin was outstanding and had a persistent control function on Bradysia odoriphaga. It was environment friendly and very suitable for the application in the fields.

关 键 词：韭菜迟眼蕈蚊 新烟碱类杀虫剂 毒力 温度效应 药效 

分 类 号：S633.3[农业科学—蔬菜学]