221例青少年妊娠结局分析  

Analysis on 221 cases of outcomes of teenager pregnancy

作　　者：吴晶[1] 邢爱耘[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学华西第二医院妇产科,四川成都610041

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2014年第9期1591-1593,1596,共4页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的 分析过去5年221例青少年妊娠的临床资料，探讨青少年妊娠的母儿风险。方法 分析2008年1月至2012年12月于四川大学华西第二医院产科住院分娩的221例青少年母亲（≤19岁，观察组），与同期住院分娩的442例24～29岁孕妇（对照组）的临床资料，比较两组的一般情况，并发症、合并症发生率，围产儿结局等。结果 与对照组相比，青少年组中无业（70.1% vs. 25.8%，P＜0.01）、未婚（71.5% vs.0.2%，P＜0.01）所占比例高；高中及以上学历（20.8% vs. 75.5%，P＜0.01）、规律产检（41.2% vs. 94.3%，P＜0.01）、剖宫产（44.8% vs. 67.7%，P＜0.01）比例低。妊娠期高血压疾病（10.0% vs. 3.0%，P＜0.01）、多胎妊娠（9.5% vs. 3.4%，P＜0.01）、宫内死胎（6.3% vs. 1.6%，P＜0.01）、贫血（29.4% vs. 11.5%，P＜0.01）、合并先天性心脏病（3.2% vs. 0.9%，P＜0.05）的发生率青少年妊娠组较对照组高，妊娠期糖尿病的发生率（2.7% vs. 12.9%，P＜0.01）较对照组低，妊娠期肝内胆汁淤积症、胎盘早剥等并发症的发生率两组差异无统计学意义。青少年妊娠组中，新生儿窒息（11.8% vs. 2.6%，P＜0.01）、早产儿（46.1% vs. 13.2%，P＜0.01）、转新生儿监护病房（36.8% vs. 9.5%，P＜0.01）的发生率显著高于对照组；新生儿出生体重（2570.4±702.3g vs. 3112.1±561.0g，P＜0.01）明显低于对照组。结论 青少年妊娠导致妊娠期并发症、合并症及妊娠不良结局的风险增加。鼓励适龄妊娠，加强孕期保健是改善其妊娠结局的重要措施。Objective To explore the pregnancy outcome risks of teenager mother based on retrospective analysis of 221 cases for the past 5 years. Methods The clinical data of 221 teenager pregnancies （〈 19 years-old, study group） and 442 adult pregnancies （24-29 years, control group） who delivered in West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University during the period of January 2008 to December 2012 were collected for a retrospective analysis to compare the general information and pregnancy out- comes between two groups. Results The study revealed that, compared to the control group, the teenager mothers were less likely to have a job （70.1% vs. 25.8%, P〈0.01）, unmarried （71.5% vs.0.2%, P〈0.01）, education background of senior high school or above （20.8% vs. 75.5%, P〈0.01）, and with adequate prenatal care （41.2% vs. 94.3%, P〈0.01）. Teenager mothers had significantly lower incidence of cesarean delivery than that in the adult mothers （44.8% vs. 67.7%, P〈0.01）. There were higher incidences of hyperten- sive disorders in pregnancy （10.0% vs. 3.0%, P〈O.O1）, multiple pregnancies （9.5% vs. 3.4%, P〈0.01）, fetal death （6.3% vs. 1.6%, P〈0.01）, anaemia （29.4% vs. 11.5%, P〈0.01）, combination with congenital heart disease （3.2% vs. 0.9%, P〈0.05）, and a lower inci- dence of gestational diabetes mellitus （2.7% vs. 12.9%, P〈0.01） in study group than these in control group. There were no differ- ences in occurrences of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy, premature rupture of membranes between two groups. The study group were more hkely to have higher rates of asphyxia （11.8% vs. 2.6%, P〈0.01）, premature （46.1% vs. 13.2%, P〈0.01）, NICU （Neonatal Intensive Care Unit） admission （36.8% vs. 9.5%, P〈0.01）,, and to have lower birth weights （2 570.4 ± 702.3g vs. 3 112.1 ± 561.0g, P〈0.01）. Conclusion Adolescent pregnancy increases the pregnancy risk and adverse pregnancy outcome. Prenatal care is the key point to improve the pregnan

关 键 词：青少年妊娠 高危妊娠 妊娠结局 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]