鱼鳍和鳞片色素组成的比较观察  

A Study on the Pigment of Fins and Scales in Fish

作　　者：易云海 宋一舸 杨舟[1] 文胜[1] 刘锦辉[1] 肖亚梅[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南师范大学生命科学学院,湖南长沙410081

出　　处：《激光生物学报》2014年第1期77-82,共6页Acta Laser Biology Sinica

基　　金：湖南省自然科学基金项目(14JJ2058);湖南师范大学大学生创新科研项目;湖南省生物发育工程及新产品研发协同创新中心课题资助

摘　　要：鱼类体色观察常以鳞片为材料,鱼鳍和鳞片都是皮肤的衍生物,采用Nikon光学显微镜系统,对白鲫和红鲫鱼鳍及相邻体位鳞片的色素细胞组成、分布及形态结构等进行了比较观察。鱼鳍薄而透明,显微镜下观察发现鱼鳍从近体端到远体端在色素细胞总体分布上呈现出由密集逐渐稀疏的变化特征。白鲫背、胸、腹、臀、尾鳍五种鱼鳍中都分布有黑色素细胞、黄色素细胞和红色素细胞三种色素细胞类型。红鲫鱼鳍中则仅观察到黄色素细胞和红色素细胞两种色素细胞类型。同时不同部位鱼鳍与其基部相邻鱼鳞上层在色素细胞的组成上是一致的。在白鲫和红鲫的鳞片中均存在着丰富的虹彩细胞,但在鱼鳍中未观察到典型的虹彩细胞的分布,提示在鱼类体色发育中,虹彩母细胞可能具有与其它几种色素母细胞不同的迁移途径。Fins and scales both are the derivatives of skin.In this paper,observation on pigment cells of fins and their adjacent scales in crucian was taken carp.Fins are thin and transparent,and thus can be directly observed under a mi-croscope.It shows that pigment cells are dense near the body side while gradually thinning far away from it’s body. Melanocytes,xanthophores and erythrophores are all found in the dorsal fin,pectoral fins,pelvic fin,anal fin and cau-dal fin of white crucian carp （Carassius auratus cuvieri Temminck et Schlegel）.There are two types of pigment cells, xanthophore and erythrophore,in the fins of red crucian carp.The composition of the pigment cells in fins is consistent with the upper scales,whether it is in white carp or red carp.The difference is that iridophores are found in scales,but not observed in fins.The results suggest that the iridophore might have different development mechanism or migration pathways from other pigment cells during the body color development process in fish.

关 键 词：色素细胞 鱼鳍 鳞片 鲫鱼 

分 类 号：Q954[生物学—动物学] S965[农业科学—水产养殖]