滨海盐碱地施用磷石膏与糠醛渣对番茄菌根化苗生长的影响  

Effects of phosphogypsum and furfural residue on the growth of mycorrhizal seedlings of tomato on saline-alkali fields

作　　者：崔向超[1,2,3] 胡君利[1,2] 林先贵[1,2] 杨劲松[1] 徐江兵[1,2,3] 王一明[1,2] 王俊华[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院南京土壤研究所土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室,南京210008 [2]中国科学院南京土壤研究所-香港浸会大学土壤与环境联合开放实验室,南京210008 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《应用与环境生物学报》2014年第2期305-309,共5页Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology

基　　金：国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费项目(200903001-1-2)资助~~

摘　　要：通过江苏省东台市黄海原种场田间试验,研究施加磷石膏和糠醛渣对滨海盐碱地土壤改良和番茄菌根化苗生长及其果实品质的影响.结果发现,番茄菌根化苗移栽至盐碱地后根系丛枝菌根(Arbuscular mycorrhizal,A M)真菌侵染率及土壤碱性磷酸酶活性均显著高于非菌根化的对照苗(P<0.05),土壤pH则显著低于对照(P<0.05);在此基础上施加磷石膏和糠醛渣对AM真菌侵染率均无显著影响,其中施磷石膏处理可进一步降低土壤pH(P<0.05),但土壤电导率趋于升高.番茄最终收获时菌根化苗的果实产量及其可溶性糖酸比均显著高于对照苗(P<0.05),在此基础上施加磷石膏与糠醛渣处理果实的可溶性固体物含量均显著升高(P<0.05),其中施糠醛渣处理果实的维生素C含量趋于升高,而硝酸盐含量则显著下降(P<0.05).本研究表明,菌根化育苗在滨海盐碱地番茄栽培中有较好的应用效果,而施加磷石膏和糠醛渣可进一步促进菌根化苗生长并改善番茄果实品质,其中施用糠醛渣的效果尤佳.A field experiment conducted in the coastal area of Dongtai City, Jiangsu Province was carried out to investigate the effects of phosphogypsum （PG） and furfural residue （FR） on soil amelioration and the growth and quality of mycorrhizal tomato on a saline-alkali field. After transplanting to the saline-alkali field, arbuscular mycorrhizal （AM） colonization rate of the mycorrhizal seedlings and the related soil alkaline phosphatase activity were significantly higher （P 〈 0.05） than those of the non-mycorrhizal seedlings, with a significantly lower （P 〈 0.05） soil pH. However, PG and FR had no effect on AM colonization rate of the mycorrhizal seedlings. PG decreased soil pH significantly （P 〈 0.05）, but tended to elevate soil electrical conductivity. The yield and soluble sugar-to-acid ratio of tomato fruit of mycorrhizal seedlings were significantly higher （P 〈 0.05） than those of tile non-mycorrhizal seedlings, and both PG and FR could significantly increase （P 〈 0.05） fruit soluble solids content of the mycorrhizal seedlings. In addition, FR tended to increase fruit vitamin C content of the mycorrhizal seedlings, and significantly decrease （P 〈 0.05） fruit nitrate content. It suggested that mycorrhizal seedlings can be applied in tomato producing on saline-alkali fields; though both PG and FR can promote the growth and quality of mycorrhizal tomato, FR has better effects than PG.

关 键 词：AM真菌侵染率 植株生物量 果实产量 土壤PH 土壤碱性磷酸酶 硝酸盐含量 

分 类 号：S941.2[农业科学—水产养殖]