水溶性聚季铵盐制备及其异养菌杀菌性能  

Synthesis of Water-soluble Quaternary Ammonium Polymer and Its Anti-bacterial Performance of Heterotrophic Bacteria

作　　者：张文艺[1] 李文昱[1] 冯国勇[1] 刘芳[1] 姚立荣[2] 程寒飞[2] 

机构地区：[1]常州大学环境与安全工程学院,江苏常州213164 [2]中冶华天工程技术有限公司,安徽马鞍山243000

出　　处：《过程工程学报》2014年第2期324-328,共5页The Chinese Journal of Process Engineering

基　　金："十二五"国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项基金资助项目(编号:2012zx07301-001);江苏省自然科学基金资助项目(编号:BE2012640)

摘　　要：以四甲基乙二胺和二氯乙醚为原料，采用聚合法制备水溶性聚季铵盐PODEDED，考察了PODEDED投加量、pH值、水温和杀菌时间对异养菌杀菌效率的影响．结果表明，在投加量60mg／L、杀菌时间8-24h、pH值5-10、水温30-45℃条件下，PODEDED对异养菌的杀菌率大于99％，杀菌机理主要是其结构中的正电荷季铵根N。官能团和长链烷基上的疏水基、亲水基深入到异养菌细胞膜内的类脂层和蛋白层，破坏了控制细胞渗透的原生质膜，使胞内物质外泄，导致异养菌死亡．合成的PODEDED可用于各种工业循环水系统及污水处理与回用中异养菌微生物的杀灭．Water-soluble quatemary ammonium polymer, poly[oxyethylene （dimethylimino） ethylene-（dimethylimino） ethylene dichloride] （PODEDED）, was synthesized by polymerization reaction between tetramethylethylenediamine and bis-（2-chloroethyl）ether as raw materials. The effects of PODEDED dosage, pH value, water temperature and anti-bacterial time on the sterilization efficiency of heterotrophic bacteria were investigated. The result showed that the anti-bacterial rate could reach 99% under the conditions of dosage at 60 mg/L, anti-bacterial time 8-24 h, pH 5-10 and water temperature 30-45 ℃. The anti-bacterial mechanism was that hydrophobic and hydrophilic groups in long chain alkyl and positive electricity quaternary ammonium N^＋ groups of PODEDED entered deeply into lipid layer and protein layer of heterotrophic bacteria membrane, leading to destruction of the plasma membrane which controled cell infiltration, and resulting in leakage of intracellular substances and killing of heterotrophic bacteria. PODEDED could be widely used in killing heterotrophic bacteria in various open circulating water systems, sewage treatment and reuse systems.

关 键 词：水溶性聚季铵盐 杀菌剂 异养菌 污水处理 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]