一次性环甲膜穿刺套管的研制及实验研究  

Development and experimental study of disposable thyrocricoid puncture cannula

作　　者：刘艳[1] 刘新义[1] 张晓锋[1] 王炳强 

机构地区：[1] 青岛大学医学院附属威海医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科, 山东省威海264200 [2] 威海市威高集团

出　　处：《中国基层医药》2014年第8期1127-1129,共3页Chinese Journal of Primary Medicine and Pharmacy

基　　金：山东省威海市科技发展项目（200903-86）

摘　　要：目的 探讨一种简便快捷的一次性环甲膜快速穿刺套管的研制及应用.方法 研制的环甲膜快速穿刺通气装置可分为两部分,分别是套管内柱状穿刺刀部分,其刀头部位呈等腰三角形,柱体部分略呈扁柱弧形,其后端设有柱形手柄,该部分亦兼做套管内芯的作用;第二部分为柱状穿刺刀外并与其相对应的套管部分,套管后端有柱状呼吸管接口,通过呼吸导气管可与呼吸气囊或呼吸机相连接.环甲膜穿刺套管的制作材料为ABS工程塑料,首期试制用3D打印机技术制作,技术成熟后利用塑料注射机或制塑机生产.利用该器械分别对6只健康实验犬进行环甲膜处穿刺置管,术后分别带管2d、4d、7d,带管期间未行药物治疗,拔管后分别观察6～12个月.结果 6只实验犬均一次性环甲膜穿刺置管成功,带管期间未见感染征象;拔管后观察6～12个月,其犬吠声及全身活动情况未见异常,无异常憋气及呼吸困难等并发症发生.结论 该器械的研究及制作已获成功,通过动物实验说明利用该器械安全有效,无毒无副作用,且具有操作简便快捷、无并发症等优点.Objective To investigate the development and application of a simple one-time cricothyroid membrane fast trocar.Methods The cricothyroid membrane puncture ventilation device can be divided into two parts.Respectively was the casing column stabber parts,parts of the cutter head was an isosceles triangle,the column part slightly flat column arc,the rear end was provided with a cylindrical handle,it was also casing inner core.The second was casing parts.Corresponding for columnar needle knife,the rear end of the sleeve had a cylindrical breathing tube interface,can be connected with the breathing bag or ventilator breathing.Material thyrocricoid puncture sleeve was ABS engineering plastic,the first trial was made of three D printer technology.After technology finished the plastic injection machine or machine production were used to make it.Using this instrument 6 healthy dogs were in the cricothyroid membrane puncture.Respectively after operation with 2 days,4 days,7 days,drug treatment did not be taken during this period after they were observed after 6-12 months.Results 6 dogs were thyrocricocentesis cannulation success only once,with no infection.For 6-12 months after extubation,the dogs bark and systemic activity were normal,no abnormal shortness of breath,breathing difficulties and complications were taken placed.Conclusion The research and production of this instrument has been successful,through animal experiments illustrate the use of this device is safe and effective.It has the advantages of convenient operation and no complications.

关 键 词：环甲膜 环甲膜穿刺术 环甲膜切开术 动物实验 

分 类 号：R318.6[医药卫生—生物医学工程]