接铅工人尿铅水平及影响因素研究  

Study on urine lead level in workers exposed to lead and the influencing factors

作　　者：曹群[1] 郭胜利[1] 

机构地区：[1]淮南联合大学医学系,安徽232038

出　　处：《海峡预防医学杂志》2014年第2期7-8,31,共3页Strait Journal of Preventive Medicine

基　　金：淮南市科技计划项目(No.2011A081)

摘　　要：目的 了解铅作业工人尿铅水平及影响因素，为制定保护措施提供依据。方法 检测车间空气中铅浓度和工人尿铅含量并比较分析。结果 焊接、铸片、分片和涂片工种车间空气中铅浓度超标；接铅组尿铅浓度高于对照组，分别为（0.29±0.12） 和 （0.11±0.03） μmol/L。焊接工尿铅浓度最高（0.36±0.14） μmol/L；铸片工尿铅异常检出率最高（35.7%）；工龄25～30年组尿铅浓度最高（0.39±0.19） μmol/L，15～20年组尿铅异常检出率最高（42.3%）；不同工种车间空气中铅浓度与尿铅含量、异常检出率呈正相关。结论 尿铅水平与空气中铅浓度相关。降低车间空气铅浓度，对尿铅异常者排铅治疗，是控制接铅工人尿铅水平的有效措施。Objective To study urine lead level in workers exposed to lead and the influencing factors for the disease control and prevention.Methods Lead concentrations in the air of workshop and urine lead were detected and compared.Results The lead concentrations of air in welding,casting,slicing and smearing workplaces exceed the standard.The concentration of urine lead in workers exposed to lead was higher than that of control group,（0.29±0.12） and （0.11±0.03） μmol/L.The concentration of urine lead was the highest for welding （0.36±0.14） μmol/L,and the detection rate of abnormal urine lead was the highest （35.7%） for casting.The concentration of urine lead was the highest in 20-30 years of service.And the abnormal detection rate was the highest（42.3%） in 15-20 years of service.The urine lead levels and abnormal detection rates shown positive correlation to lead concentrations of in the air.Conclusion Urine lead level is related to lead concentrations in the air of workplace.Reducing the lead concentration in the air of workplace,and eliminating lead treatment for the patients are effective measure for the disease control and prevention.

关 键 词：铅中毒 接铅工人 尿铅浓度 空气中铅浓度 职业卫生 

分 类 号：R135.1[医药卫生—劳动卫生]