胎儿脑发育异常34例临床研究分析  

Clinical study on 34 cases of fetal encephalodysplasia

作　　者：申国琴[1] 王爱华[1] 谷丽萍[1] 王存强[1] 张慧[1] 刘颖[1] 贺顺岭 

机构地区：[1]新乡市第一人民医院,453000

出　　处：《中国实用医药》2014年第8期30-32,共3页China Practical Medicine

基　　金：2012年新乡市科技重大项目(项目编号:zg12017)

摘　　要：目的：研究分析胎儿脑发育异常因素及结局,早发现早干预,减少出生缺陷,提高出生人口素质。方法从本院围产保健门诊孕妇中筛选出符合条件者,于妊娠16周、24周、32周进行超声和核磁共振（MRI）检查观察胎儿脑发育情况,异常者进行干预,出生后的婴儿进行发育随访。并对年龄、学历、职业等方面进行统计学分析。结果从1118例符合条件的观察对象中共检出胎儿脑发育异常者34例,其中典型脑发育畸形23例,11例轻度异常者经干预后,出生胎儿7例发育正常,另4例中1例智力＋运动发育稍落后,3例运动落后,经康复治疗达正常水平。34例胎儿脑发育异常的孕妇年龄和文化程度经统计学处理,组间差异有统计学意义（P〈0.005）。结论①早期发现胎儿脑发育异常是必要的；②彩超检查是最方便、适时、快捷、廉价、准确、无创的首选方法；③MRI是进一步明确诊断的无创检查,可以协助超声诊断。④仅有轻度脑积水不合并脑发育畸形者可以在严密观察中继续妊娠；⑤≥35岁高龄孕妇或≤20岁低龄孕妇胎儿脑发育畸形的几率明显升高,最佳生育年龄在25-30岁之间；⑥高中以下文化程度的孕妇胎儿脑发育畸形的比例升高。Objective To analyze pathogenesis and consequences of fetal encephalodysplasia. The reduction of birth defect rate and the improvement of the quality of the newborn population could be addressed by early diagnosis and intervention of fetal encephalodysplasia. Methods Among the 2368 gravidas with the perinatal health care from Oct. 2011 to Dec. 2012, 1118 cases were sampled. Ultrasonic and MRI examinations were conducted to observe the fetal brain development, on gravidas with 16 week, 24 week and 32 week pregnancy. Detailed documentations including age, education background, and occupation of the sample gravidas were statistically analyzed. Follow-up visits of sample infants were conducted. Results Among the 1118 sampled cases, 34 cases of encephalodysplasia were observed. Twenty-three cases of typical encephalodysplasia were detected via ultrasonic examinations, 11 mild abnormal cases changed life style and were monitored; after birth , 7 infants grew healthily and 4 infants were later cured through rehabilitation from growth retardations （1 mental and motor retardation cases and 3 motor retardation cases）. The age and education background of those 34 gravidas with intrauterine fetal encephalodysplasia were analyzed and the Result demonstrated a statistical significance （P〈0.005）. Conclusion ①It is important to implement early diagnosis of fetal encephalodysplasia.② Color doppler ultrasound examination has proved to be one of the most effective, convenient, inexpensive and noninvasive Methods for early diagnosis of fetal encephalodysplasia. ③ MRI can serve as a complementary approach of Ultrasonic examination for the further clarification of the diagnosis. ④ For mild hydrocephalus and brain malformation, gestation can continue under close observations. ⑤ The fetuses of the gravidas elder than 35 or younger than 20 suffer an evidently higher probability of brain malformation. The best reproductive age is between 25 and 30.⑥an obvious correlation is observed between the education background o

关 键 词：胎儿 脑发育 畸形 早发现 早干预 

分 类 号：R445[医药卫生—影像医学与核医学] R714.5[医药卫生—诊断学]