中华卷柏药用活性成分的分布特征  

Distribution characteristics of medicinal active constituents in Selaginella sinensis

作　　者：赵昕[1] 吴子龙[1] 韩超[1] 张浩[1] 叶嘉[1] 张东[1] 马瑜[1] 李朝[2] 

机构地区：[1]邯郸学院生物科学系,河北邯郸056005 [2]东北林业大学森林植物生态学教育部重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《西北农林科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2014年第4期194-200,共7页Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：河北省科技支撑计划项目(06220111D-1);邯郸市科技发展研究项目(1022101058-7)

摘　　要：【目的】阐明我国特有植物中华卷柏中药用活性成分在不同产地、不同生育期及各器官中的分布特征。【方法】以产自太行山系(小五台山、梁沟山区、摩天岭、狮子峰和万仙山)的5种野生中华卷柏(Selaginella sinensis)为材料,于2011年7月和10月,分别采集营养叶期和孢子叶期的样品,采用HPLC法测定并分析不同生长发育期、不同产地中华卷柏中穗花杉双黄酮和扁柏双黄酮的组织部位分布差异及分配比。【结果】5个产地的中华卷柏中均含有穗花杉双黄酮和扁柏双黄酮,但二者的含量及分布规律不同。穗花杉双黄酮含量均高于扁柏双黄酮,且以梁沟山区中华卷柏全株中的穗花杉双黄酮含量最高,为5.498(7月)和6.624(10月)mg/g;而扁柏双黄酮含量在小五台山(7月)和梁沟山区(10月)的中华卷柏中最高,分别为1.261和1.797mg/g。在不同的生长发育期,穗花杉双黄酮和扁柏双黄酮含量也有变化,随着中华卷柏孢子叶的形成(10月),穗花杉双黄酮和扁柏双黄酮含量均有所提高。在中华卷柏的各组织部位中,2种双黄酮的分布规律比较一致,均以营养叶中最高,茎次之,根最低。在孢子叶中2种物质的含量均表现为空孢子穗>小孢子>大孢子;且空孢子穗和小孢子中穗花杉双黄酮的含量显著高于扁柏双黄酮,分别是扁柏双黄酮的4.10倍和2.40倍;而大孢子中的穗花杉双黄酮含量却明显低于扁柏双黄酮,不到扁柏双黄酮的1/3。穗花杉双黄酮和扁柏双黄酮在中华卷柏的分配比均为根最低。【结论】产地和发育期不同的中华卷柏中穗花杉双黄酮和扁柏双黄酮的分布存在部位差异。此外,中华卷柏的孢子叶中也有双黄酮存在,且在空孢子穗中的含量较高,可以用作进一步开发利用的植物资源。【Objective】This study elucidated the distribution characteristics of active ingredients in organs of Selaginella sinensis varieties from different regions at different growth stages.【Method】Five wild S.sinensis varieties from Xiaowutai Mountain,Lianggou Mountain,Motian Mountain,Lion Mountain and Wanxian Mountain of Taihang Mountains were studied.Samples of sporophyll and trophophyll stages were collected in July and October,2011,respectively.The contents of amentoflavone and hinokiflavone of each S.sinensis sample were measured and analyzed using HPLC.【Result】Amentoflavone and hinokiflavone were obtained from all S.sinensis varieties in the five regions with different contents and distribution characteristics.Contents of amentoflavone in all varieties were higher than hinokiflavone.Whole plant amentoflavone levels of S.sinensis in Lianggou Mountain areas were the highest,the values in July and October were 5.498 mg/g and 6.624 mg/g,respectively.And the maximum hinokiflavone content in July was in Xiaowutai Mountain （1.261 mg/g） and in October was in Lianggou Mountain （1.797 mg/g）.Contents of amentoflavone and hinokiflavone also changed in different growth stages.They increased as the formation of sporophylls in S.sinensis in October.The contents of amentoflavone and hinokiflavone were identical with maximum values in trophophyll followed by rhizome and root.The contents in three parts of sporophylls were in a decreasing order of empty strobilus spike〉microspore〉megaspore.In empty strobilus spike and microspore,the contents of amentoflavone were 4.10 and 2.40 times higher than hinokiflavone,respectively.While in megaspore,the content of amentoflavone was less than 1/3 of hinokiflavone.In roots of S.sinensis,ratios of both amentoflavone and hinokiflavone were the lowest.【Conclusion】Contents of amentoflavone and hinokiflavone in S.sinensis varieties from different regions at different development stages were different.Biflavonoids were obtained in sporophyll of S.sinensis and their conten

关 键 词：中华卷柏 穗花杉双黄酮 扁柏双黄酮 分布特征 

分 类 号：Q946.8[生物学—植物学] R282.4[医药卫生—中药学]