绝缘子表面对污秽颗粒的粘附力及长程吸引力  

Adhesion Force and Long-range Attractive Force Between Contamination Particles and Insulator Surface

作　　者：刘瑛岩[1] 李燕[1] 王晶[1] 梁曦东[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学电机工程与应用电子技术系电力系统及发电设备控制和仿真国家重点实验室,北京100084

出　　处：《高电压技术》2014年第4期1010-1016,共7页High Voltage Engineering

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)(2011CB209406)~~

摘　　要：不同绝缘材料对污秽颗粒的粘附力差异会导致绝缘子积污结果存在差异。为此,利用原子力显微镜研究了不同污秽颗粒在不同绝缘材料(硅橡胶、瓷和钢化玻璃)表面的粘附力,以及表面荷电对颗粒粘附力的影响。结果表明,粘附力的大小与材料特性、粗糙度、表面电荷、颗粒粒径等因素有关。与瓷和钢化玻璃相比,硅橡胶对污秽颗粒的粘附力最大,且粘附力随着颗粒粒径的增大而增大。绝缘材料对导电颗粒的粘附力大于不导电颗粒。此外,绝缘材料表面较易荷电,这些电荷会对污秽颗粒产生较大的长程吸引力。硅橡胶表面电势越大,长程吸引力也越大。Different insulators could get different levels of contamination since their materials have different adhesion forces to contamination particles. Therefore, we investigated the adhesion force between different pairs of contamination particles and insulations, including silicone rubber, porcelain, toughened glass, etc., and discussed the effect of surface charge on adhesion force. The results show that, the adhesion force is affected by material characteristics including roughness, surface charge, and particle sizes. Compared with porcelain and toughened glass, silicone rubber has larger adhesion force to contamination particles, and the force increases with particle size. The adhesion force between conduc- tive particle and insulating material is stronger than that between non-conductive particles and insulating material. Moreover, the surface of insulating materials absorbs charge easily, and this surface charge has long-range attractive force on contamination particles. The higher the surface potential of silicone rubber is, the stronger the long-range attractive force is.

关 键 词：粘附力 原子力显微镜 硅橡胶 粗糙度 表面电势 长程吸引力 

分 类 号：TM216[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]