复合绝缘子表面液滴形貌特征及其对闪络电压的影响  

Morphologic Characteristics of Water Droplets on Composite Insulator Surface and Their Effects on Flashover Voltage

作　　者：刘勇[1] 杜伯学[1] 陆宇航 殷震[3] 

机构地区：[1]天津大学电气与自动化工程学院,天津300072 [2]国网北京电力科学研究院,北京100075 [3]天津市电力公司检修公司,天津300250

出　　处：《高电压技术》2014年第4期1017-1021,共5页High Voltage Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(50777048);工程电介质及其应用技术省部共建教育部重点实验室(哈尔滨理工大学)(2013E3-0024);天津大学自主创新基金(2704)~~

摘　　要：为研究灾害性浓雾天气对绝缘子运行安全可靠性的影响,以硅橡胶绝缘子作为样品,采用可视化试验系统和人工大气模拟试验装置,研究了不同污湿条件下绝缘子表面液滴的吸附与凝结特征及其对绝缘子闪络电压的影响。分别研究了盐雾污秽度、相对湿度对表面液滴吸附、凝结与分布特征(分布面积、尺寸分布及其盒子维数)的影响,并在此基础上得到了这些特征参数对闪络电压的影响规律。结果表明,当相对湿度与污秽度增大时,绝缘子表面凝结的液滴数量增加,中间尺寸(1 mm≤液滴最大直径Dmax<2 mm)与较大尺寸(Dmax≥2 mm)的液滴数量显著增加,而较小尺寸(Dmax<1 mm)的液滴数量呈下降趋势。液滴分布盒子维数的增大说明液滴分布的分散性和复杂性增强。绝缘子表面附水质量的变化不能有效反映闪络电压的变化,但随着液滴分布盒子维数的增大,绝缘子闪络电压降低。In order to investigate the influence of disastrous fog conditions on the reliability of insulators, taking silicon rubber insulators （SRIs） as the specimens, we analyzed the adsorption and condensation of water droplets and how they affected the flashover voltage of SRIs with different contaminations and different wet conditions, by using a visible expe- rimental system and artificial atmospheric experimental devices. By establishing the relationship among salt-fog contamination degree, relative humidity, adsorption and condensation on SRI surface, and droplet distribution characteris- tics （including area, size, and box dimension）,we obtained the patterns of how these characteristic parameters influence the flashover voltage of SRI. It is shown that, with increasing relative humidity and contamination level, the numbers of both medium-sized （1 mm〈max diameter Dmax〈2 mm） and big-sized （Dmax〉2 mm） droplets increase obviously, the num- ber of small-sized （Dmax〈1 mm） droplets decreases slightly, and the amount of droplets in total increases. The increase of droplet distribution＇s box dimension illustrates that the distribution gets more dispersed and more complex. Though the flashover voltage of insulator is not directly reflected by the amount variation of adsorbed droplets on insulator surface, it decreases with the increase in box dimension of droplet distribution.

关 键 词：硅橡胶绝缘子 盐雾环境 液滴吸附 凝结特征 盒子维数 闪络电压 

分 类 号：TM216[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]