Mechanism for thermite reactions of aluminum/iron-oxide nanocomposites based on residue analysis  

基于产物分析的铝/铁氧化物纳米复合材料的铝热反应机理(英文)

作　　者：王毅[1,2] 宋小兰[3] 姜炜[1] 邓国栋[1] 郭效德[1] 刘宏英[1] 李凤生[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京理工大学国家特种超细粉体工程技术研究中心,南京210094 [2]中北大学材料科学与工程学院,太原030051 [3]中北大学化工与环境学院,太原030051

出　　处：《Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China》2014年第1期263-270,共8页中国有色金属学报（英文版）

基　　金：Project(51206081)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China

摘　　要：Sol-gel method was employed to combine Al and iron-oxide to form nanocomposites （nano-Al/xero-Fe2O3 and micro-Al/xero-Fe2O3）. SEM, EDS and XRD analyses were used to characterize the nanocomposites and the results indicated that nano-Al and micro-Al were compactly wrapped by amorphous iron-oxide nanoparticles （about 20 nm）, respectively. The iron-oxide showed the mass ratio of Fe to O as similar as that in Fe2O3. Thermal analyses were performed on two nanocomposites, and four simple mixtures （nano-Al＋xero-Fe2O3, nano-Al＋micro-Fe2O3, micro-Al＋xero-Fe2O3, and micro-Al＋micro-Fe2O3） were also analyzed. There were not apparent distinctions in the reactions of thermites fueled by nano-Al. For thermites fueled by micro-Al, the DSC peak temperatures of micro-Al/Xero-Fe2O3 were advanced by 68.1 ℃ and 76.8 ℃ compared with micro-Al＋xero-Fe2O3 and micro-Al＋micro-Fe2O3, respectively. Four thermites, namely, nano-Al/xero-Fe2O3, nano-Al＋micro-Fe2O3, micro-Al/xero-Fe2O3, and micro-Al＋micro-Fe2O3, were heated from ambient temperature to 1020 ℃, during which the products at 660 ℃ and 1020 ℃ were collected and analyzed by XRD. Crystals of Fe, FeAl2O4, Fe3O4,α-Fe2O3, Al,γ-Fe2O3, Al2.667O4, FeO andα-Al2O3 were indexed in XRD patterns. For each thermite, according to the specific products, the possible equations were given. Based on the principle of the minimum free energy, the most reasonable equations were inferred from the possible reactions.采用溶胶-凝胶法分别对纳米Al和微米Al进行表面包覆,制备nano-Al/xero-Fe2O3和micro-Al/xero-Fe2O32种复合材料,并对它们的微观结构和物相进行表征。结果表明,纳米Al和微米Al表面均被约20 nm的无定形纳米粒子致密包覆;包覆物中的铁氧比与Fe2O3中的铁氧比大致相当。对2种纳米复合材料以及4种相对应的简单混合物(nano-Al+xero-Fe2O3、nano-Al+micro-Fe2O3、micro-Al+xero-Fe2O3和micro-Al+micro-Fe2O3分别进行DSC分析。对于采用纳米Al作燃料的铝热剂,nano-Al/Xero-Fe2O3、nano-Al+xero-Fe2O3和nano-Al+micro-Fe2O3三者的热谱图没有明显差别;对于采用微米Al作燃料的铝热剂,micro-Al/xero-Fe2O3的反应峰温度较micro-Al+xero-Fe2O3和micro-Al+micro-Fe2O3的分别提高了68.1°C和76.8°C。另外,将4种铝热剂(nano-Al/xero-Fe2O3,nano-Al+micro-Fe2O3,micro-Al/xero-Fe2O3和micro-Al+micro-Fe2O3)同时从室温加热至1020°C,对660°C和1020°C时的产物进行XRD分析。从图谱中共检测出Fe、FeAl2O4、Fe3O4、α-Fe2O3、Al、γ-Fe2O3、Al2.667O4、FeO和α-Al2O3共9种晶体物质。据此推测了可能的反应方程,并以最小自由能原则推出了每种样品最可能的反应过程。

关 键 词：AL AL NANOCOMPOSITES thermite reaction reaction mechanism 

分 类 号：TB383.1[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程] TB33